M. M. Odewole et al.
1
Optimization of the Performance of a Vertical Screw Jack For
Groundnut Oil Extraction
1
M.M. Odewole*,
1
M.O. Sunmonu and
2
E.O. Ajala
1
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and
Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and
Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author: +2348050453697, odewole2005@yahoo.com
Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is one of the oil seeds in the category of
the second most valuable commodity in the world trade. One of the
methods of extracting groundnut oil is with the use of mechanical device
which offsets some of the problems of traditional and chemical methods of
extraction. Most local processors of groundnut oil do not use to or do not
know how to put into consideration processing factors/inputs
(temperature, heating time, pressure, moisture content and so on) that can
lead to better (optimum) oil extraction outputs. This situation is causing
low oil yield and low extraction efficiency, high extraction loss and poor
quality of oil even when machines are used for extraction. Therefore, this
study used a vertical screw jack to extract groundnut oil and also optimize
the oil extraction process with the use of Design Expert (8.0.3 version)
computer software package. Three levels of temperature (50, 60 and 70
o
C)
and two levels of heating time (5 and 10 min) were used to pretreat seeds
in the extraction chamber of the vertical screw jack prior to oil extraction
process. The extraction process were estimated for oil yield, extraction
efficiency and extraction loss; and oil quality in terms of Free Fatty Acid
(FFA), saponification value, acid value, refractive index and viscosity
were analyzed. Results showed that, optimum oil yield (29.90%),
extraction efficiency (48.12%) and extraction loss (4.23%) were achieved
at temperatures and time of heating of 50, 50.21 and 70
o
C; and 10, 5.02
and 10 min respectively. Temperature of 50
o
C and time of heating of 10,
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Volume 24, No.1, pages 1-10 ©2018 University of Ilorin
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