Research Article Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Triphala Constituents and Nanoformulation Ziad Omran, 1,2 Ammar Bader, 1 Amalia Porta, 3 Thierry Vandamme , 4 Nicolas Anton, 4 Zeyad Alehaideb , 5 Hamdi El-Said, 6 Hani Faidah, 6,7 Abulrahman Essa, 8 Antonio Vassallo , 9 and Majed Halwani 2 1 College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 2 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 3 Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit` a Degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy 4 University of Strasbourg, Faculty of Pharmacy, Strasbourg, France 5 Department of Medical Genomics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 6 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 7 Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makah, Saudi Arabia 8 Research Centre, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospitals, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 9 Dipartimento di Scienze, Universit` a Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Antonio Vassallo; antonio.vassallo@unibas.it and Majed Halwani; halawanima@ngha.med.sa Received 11 May 2020; Revised 1 July 2020; Accepted 21 July 2020; Published 3 August 2020 Academic Editor: Francisco Solano Copyright © 2020 Ziad Omran et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. e prevalence of nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Folk medicine and ethnopharmacological data can provide a broad range of plants with promising antimicrobial activity. Triphala, an Ayurvedic formula composed of three different plants: Terminalia chebula Retz., Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (Combretaceae), and Phyllanthus emblica L. (Phyllanthaceae), is used widely for various microbial infections. Various extraction techniques were applied in the extraction of the biologically active constituents of Triphala in order to compare their efficiency. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was shown to be the most efficient method based on yield, extraction time, and selectivity. e Triphala hydroalcoholic extract (TAE) has been chemically characterized with spectroscopic and chro- matographic techniques. Triphala hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated alone or with carvacrol. Different drug formulations including cream and nanoemulsion hydrogel were prepared to assess the antimicrobial activity against selected microorganism strains including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. We used a lipophilic oil of carvacrol (5 mg/mL) and a hydrophilic TAE (5mg/mL) ingredient in a dosage form. Two solutions were created: hydrogel containing nanoemulsion as a lipophilic vector dispersed in the gel as a hydrophilic vehicle and a cream formulation, an oil-in-water emulsion. In both cases, the concentration was 250 mg of active ingredient in 50 mL of final formulation. e formulas developed were stable from a physical and chemical perspective. In the nanoemulsion hydrogel, the oil droplet size ranged from 124 to 129 nm, with low polydispersity index (PdI) 0.132 ± 0.013 and negative zeta potential −46.4 ± 4.3 mV. For the cream, the consistency factor (cetyl alcohol and white wax) induced immobilization of the matrix structure and the stability. Triphala hydroalcoholic extract in drug nanoformulation illustrated might be an adjuvant antimicrobial agent for treating various microbial infections. Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2020, Article ID 6976973, 11 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6976973