Journal of the European Ceramic Society 14 (1994) 441M46
Thermal and Elastic Properties
Carbide Whisker Composites
of Alumina-Silicon
Luciano Fabbri,* Ernesto Scaf6 & Giancarlo Dinelliht
"Eniricerche SpA, Monterotondo, Roma 00016, Italy
J'Temav CE.R1.VE., P. Marghera VE 30175, Italy
(Received 30 November 1993: revised version received 13 May 1994; accepted 24 May 1994)
Abstract
The study described in this paper is specifically
related to the thermal and elastic properties of AI:Oj
matrix with SiC whisker reinforcements. Measure-
ments of Young ~ modulus and thermal diffusivity/
comhu'tivi O' were performed on various AI:07SiC w
compositions obtained by varying both the raw
materials and the whisker volume .fractions. While
the Young ~' modulus was quite independent of the
choice of raw materials, a remarkable difference
was found for the thermal conductivity of composites
processed with diff'erent whisker sources.
In dieser Veri~bntliehung werden Ergebnisse zu
den thermisehen und elastischen Eigenschaften
einer ALO3-Matrix mit SiC-Einkristallverstdrkungen
vorgestellt. Messungen des Elasizitdtsmodulus sowie
der thermischen Diffusivitdit/LeitfOhigkeit wurden
an verschiedenen Al,O3-SiC,.-Zusammensetzungen
durchgefiihrt. Dabei wurden die" Volumenanteile
sowohl des Tr6germaterials als auch der Ein-
kristalleinlagerungen verdndert. Es ergab sich, daft
der ElasizitOtsmodulus unabh6ngig yon der Wahl
des Triigermaterials ist, wiihrend sich die thermische
Lei(/~ihigkeit der Verbindungen mit unterschied-
lichen Einkristalleinlagerungen signifikant unter-
scheidet.
L 'Otude de;trite dans eet article porte sur les pro-
priOt~;s thermiques et Olastiques d'une matriee Al20~
renforeOe par des whiskers de SIC,,.. Des mesures
du module d'Young, de la diJfusivitO/conductivitO
thermique ont OtO effectuOes pour plusieurs composi-
tions de AI20~-SiC ., obtenues en Jaisant varier gl
la fois les matOriaux de base et les fractions volu-
miques de whiskers. Alors que le module de Young
* Present address: Commissionof the European Communities,
Joint ResearchCentre, Institute for Advanced Materials, Ispra
Establishment, 21020 Ispra (VA) Italy.
t Present address: Refel SpA, S. Vito Tagliamento (PM)
33078 Italy.
semble relativement indOpendant du choix des
matOriaux de base, on note un ~;cart remarquable
pour la conductivitO thermique des composites
fabriquOs h partir de difj&entes origines de whiskers.
I Introduction
441
In the last few years, a strong effort has been
devoted to the development of ceramic matrix
composites with fibre, particulate or whisker
reinforcements. 12 The driving force has been the
improvement in mechanical properties of mono-
lithic ceramics, in order to obtain an enhanced
fracture toughness and greater reliability. Several
mechanisms have been proposed to explain the
observed toughening: crack deflection, pull-out,
micro-crack formation, etc. In contrasL less atten-
tion has been paid to the thermal and elastic prop-
erties, which are critical in the material design for
high temperature applications. Nevertheless, the
addition of a second phase in a monolithic ceramic
can change significantly not only the fracture
behaviour but also a different set of properties
named 'field properties '3 such as the thermal con-
ductivity, thermal expansion and elastic moduli. 4 9
Alumina-SiC whisker composites (AI2OwSiC,,)
have received particular attention due to their
successful application as cutting tools. "1'1~ In all
these applications the thermal conductivity must
be as high as possible in order to reduce thermal
shock failures. As is well known, the heat transfer
properties strongly depend upon the purity level
of the crystal lattice of the grains. Thus, a greater
control of impurities, originating both from the
raw materials and the processing conditions, has
to be obtained.
In this paper, AI203-SiC w composites prepared
by varying the raw material sources and process-
ing times were studied. Different compositions
for each specimen were obtained by varying the
Journal of the European Ceramic SocieO~ 0955-2219/94/$7.00 © 1994 Elsevier Science Limited, England. Printed in
Great Britain