Rom J Leg Med 15 (2) 141 – 148 (2007)
© 2007 Romanian Society of Legal Medicine
________________________
*)Corresponding author,
1) Surgeon, MD, PhD, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenta Floreasca, Calea Floreasca no.8, Sector 1,
Bucuresti, Romania, E-mail: claudiuturculet@yahoo.com
2) National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Sos. Vitan Birzesti 9, Sector 4 Bucharest
141
Criterii de evaluare clinica si medico-legala a gravitatii
traumatismelor abdominale
Claudiu Turculet
1*
, Dan Dermengiu
2
, Mihai Marinescu
2
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Abstract:. Medical and forensic criteria for the assessment of abdominal trauma severity. The
authors review the traumatic mechanisms involved in abdominal trauma and spectrum of possible internal organs
injuries. A special attention was paid to the criteria that can differentiate between traumatic injuries and
“iatrogenic” injuries determined by terminal CPR. Another delicate subject that is analysed is the forensic
interpretation of delayed manifestation of abdominal trauma like duodenal or gastric contusions with delayed
perforation and peritonitis, or sub capsular spleen haematoma with delayed rupture and hemoperitoneum.
Key words: abdominal trauma, iatrogenic injuries
egiunea abdominala este expusa agentilor traumatici care actioneaza in diferite
circumstante: accidente rutiere, sportive, accidente casnice sau de munca,
agresiuni. In marea majoritate a cazurilor, traumatismele abdominale sunt asociate cu
traumatisme cranio-cerebrale, traumatisme toracice sau ale membrelor, traumatismele
abdominale pure fiind intalnite in aproximativ 10% din cazuri. De aceea, evaluarea unui
pacient cu traumatism abdominal trebuie facuta in contextul intregului tablou lezional, cu
ierarhizarea concomitenta a gravitatii leziunilor.
In cazul traumatismelor abdomino-pelvine grave, exista trei consecinte fiziopatologice
majore care pot pune viata victimei in primejdie, si anume sindromul de hemoragie interna,
sindromul peritoneal si socul traumatic.
Sindromul de hemoragie interna apare in urma leziunilor in special de organe
parenchimatoase, leziuni de pedicul vascular sau in urma leziunilor de vase mari abdominale.
Semnele clinice in sindromul de hemoragie interna sunt cele ale socului hemoragic : scaderea
tensiunii arteriale cu tendinta la colaps si cresterea alurii ventriculare, tegumente si mucoase
palide, reci, oligo-anurie cu insuficienta renala acuta de cauza vasculara, Douglas sensibil sau
dureros la palpare. Suspiciunea clinica de hemoragie interna cu hemoperitoneu se confirma
prin examinarea imagistica a pacientului, care va decela prezenta hemoperitoneului si/sau
leziunile de organe intraabdominale.
R