COMMENTARY
396
Pract Diab Int October 2007 Vol. 24 No. 8 Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons
The Diabetes Attitudes Wishes and Needs (DAWN)
study
1
confirmed what many health professionals had
believed intuitively for years: namely, that people with
diabetes experience many psychosocial concerns that
influence their ability to effectively manage their dia-
betes. The difficulty in addressing these issues during a
busy clinic visit has been a source of dissatisfaction for
both providers and patients. Providers are often frus-
trated at the seeming inability of patients to accept the
advice and recommendations they provide, and patients
often feel that they are ‘just a blood glucose number’ to
their health professionals. While providers want to
address these issues, they often feel ill-prepared or that
they simply do not have the time to deal adequately with
their patients’ concerns.
1
Ms Kibble and colleagues are
to be applauded for seeking a practical way to deal with
this dilemma.
Asking about the patient’s concerns serves several
important functions. First, it establishes a patient-centred
environment and creates a more positive relationship
between patient and provider.
2
Second, it helps to identify
the area where the patient is most likely to be motivated to
make a change. Although providers are often hesitant to
ask about feelings because they do not know how to fix
them, the expression of strong feelings to an empathetic
listener is, in and of itself, therapeutic. Before the visit
ends, health professionals need to ‘close the loop’ about
the issues raised. One strategy is to ask patients to identify
one thing they will do between now and the next visit to
handle this problem and/or care for their diabetes.
Three questions remain to be answered. The first is
whether asking these questions significantly increases
the time spent with the patient. Levinson et al. found that
addressing psychosocial concerns actually decreased the
length of the visit.
3
Asking that patients complete a form,
such as the Diabetes Concerns Assessment Form
4
while
waiting to see the clinician, may decrease the length of
time that the visit takes.
Secondly, the impact of asking these questions on the
length and effectiveness of future visits and subsequent
self-management behaviours was not assessed in this fea-
sibility study, but is an important area for future
research. Third, given the interest of nurses in address-
ing psychosocial issues,
1
training nurses to respond to
these issues may be an appropriate role for them.
While raising psychosocial issues during a visit may
seem like opening Pandora’s Box, you may actually find
a hidden treasure that will enhance your patients’ abili-
ties to manage diabetes and improve their outcomes.
Martha M Funnell, Research Investigator,
Department of Medical Education, University of
Michigan Medical School; and Clinical Nurse
Specialist, Diabetes Research and Training Center,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, US
References
1. Skovlund SE, Peyrot M, DAWN International Advisory
Panel. Lifestyle and behavior. The Diabetes Attitudes,
Wishes and Needs (DAWN) program: A new approach to
improving outcomes of diabetes care. Diabetes Spectrum
2005; 18: 136–142.
2. Anderson RA. Getting out ahead: The Diabetes Concerns
Assessment Form. Clinical Diabetes, in press.
3. Levinson W, Gorawara-Bhat R, Lamb J. A study of patient
clues and provider responses in primary care and surgical
settings. JAMA 2000; 248: 1021–1027.
4. Anderson RA, Funnell MM. The Diabetes Concerns
Assessment Form. http://www.med.umich.edu/mdrtc
Pandora’s Box or treasure chest? Addressing
psychosocial needs of patients with diabetes
SE Kibble et al. Taking the lid off Pandora’s Box ... gently! Pages 398–401.
CONFERENCE NOTICE
ABCD Autumn meeting 2
nd
November 2007, Russell Hotel, London
Presentations include:
For further details and to register please contact: Dr Peter Winocour, Consultant Physician, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Howlands,
Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 4HQ. Tel: +44 (0)1707 365156, fax: +44 (0)1707 365366, e-mail: pwinocourabcd@hotmail.com,
website: www.diabetologists.org.uk
• Current and future status of islet cell replacement strategies
Dr James Shaw
• Early effective treatment of type 2 diabetes
Professor Rury Holman
• The ABCD debate: The QOF for diabetes is the most important
advance in diabetes care in the UK over the last decade
Proposed: Dr Khamlesh Khunti
Opposed: Professor David Matthews
• The highs and lows of commissioning a diabetes service
Peter Bowker
• Role of the RAAS in treatment selection and target attainment
in hypertensive diabetes
Professor Morris Brown
• Controversies in the management of paediatric diabetes
Dr Fiona Campbell
• Provision of diabetes care for ethnic minorities in the UK
– A special case?
Dr Tas Chowdhury