U.Porto Journal of Engineering, 4:1 (2018) 56-66 ISSN: 2183-6493 DOI: 10.24840/2183-6493_004.001_0005 Received: 26 November, 2017 Revised: 8 January, 2018 Published: 27 April, 2018 56 Occupational Vibration in Urban Bus and Influence on Driver’s Lower Limbs: a review M. Cvetković 1 , J. Santos Baptista 2 , M. A. Pires Vaz 3 1 Department of Occupational Safety, Faculty of Occupational Safety of the University of Niš, Niš, Serbia (marko.cvetkovic.33@gmail.com) ORCID 0000-0003-4425-8575; 2 Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (jsbap@fe.up.pt) ORCID 0000-0002-8524-5503; 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (gmavaz@fe.up.pt) ORCID 0000- 0002-6347-9608 Abstract Whole-body vibration occurs in many occupational activities, promoting discomfort in working environment and inducing a variety of psychophysical changes where consequences as a permanent dysfunction of certain parts of the organism may occur. The main goal of this review article is to find research works with the most reliable results relating whole-body vibrations in buses and, to compare them with the results of drivers’ lower limbs musculoskeletal disorders, which occurs as a result of many years exposure. PRISMA Statement Methodology was used and thereby 32 scientific databases were searched through where 3996 articles were found, of which 5 were included in this review. As leading standards for whole-body vibration analysis, ISO 2631-1 and ISO 2631-5 standards were considered. Furthermore, works including the European Directive 2002/ 44/ EC, where a daily action exposure to the whole-body vibrations is determined were also considered. All the results presented in this paper were compared with the aforesaid standards. Implementing the research methodology on the available databases, considering the problem of the impact of the vibration on the lower limbs, the found papers did not contain any information about the described problem. Author Keywords. Whole-Body Vibration, Exposure, Bus Driver, Lower Limb. Type: Review Article Open Access Peer Reviewed CC BY 1. Introduction It is worldly accepted that occupational activities where workers are exposed to whole-body vibrations, can cause discomfort, reducing worker/operator efficiency and, at the same time, deteriorates their health (Barreira et al. 2015). The presence of the whole-body vibration problems can be found in many professions, whereas particularly high-risk groups where might be highlight the drivers of construction machinery, agricultural machinery, heavy trucks and buses (Sekulić et al. 2013). Research proved that vibrations, namely whole-body vibrations affect the exposed workers. After prolonged exposure, might lead to functional disorders and changes in the tissues. Can also cause different musculoskeletal disorders, such as pain in the lower back, the disease of spine, shoulders, head and neck, as well as mental illnesses (mental fatigue, tiredness, tension), sleep disorders, etc. (Alperovitch-Najenson et al. 2010; Blood et al. 2011; Blood et al. 2015; Kim et al 2005; Paddan et al. 1998; Picu et al. 2010; Sekulić et al. 2013; Thamsuwan et al. 2013). In terms of the reduction of exposure to vibrations, thus reducing the risk of appearing the disease, the European Union published Directive 2002/44/EC (European Union, 2002) about