~ 2698 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies 2020; 8(1): 2698-2703 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 www.chemijournal.com IJCS 2020; 8(1): 2698-2703 © 2020 IJCS Received: 13-11-2019 Accepted: 15-12-2019 Nidhi Radadiya (1) Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India (2) Solar Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bhaichand Mehta Ind. Estate, Rajkot, Gujarat, India Virali Antala (1) Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India (2) Solar Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bhaichand Mehta Ind. Estate, Rajkot, Gujarat, India Hiral Desai Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Hemangini Chaudhary Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Dennis Dholariya Solar Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bhaichand Mehta Ind. Estate, Rajkot, Gujarat, India TL Dholariya Solar Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bhaichand Mehta Ind. Estate, Rajkot, Gujarat, India MK Mahatma ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat, India BA Golakiya Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Corresponding Author: Nidhi Radadiya (1) Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India (2) Solar Agrotech Pvt. Ltd., Bhaichand Mehta Ind. Estate, Rajkot, Gujarat, India Expression of the pathogenesis related proteins during sesame- Macrophomina phaseolina interaction Nidhi Radadiya, Virali Antala, Hiral Desai, Hemangini Chaudhary, Dennis Dholariya, TL Dholariya, MK Mahatma and BA Golakiya DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i1ao.8677 Abstract Sesamum indicum L. is highly vulnerable to biotic stresses in which charcoal rot disease cuased by Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the major constraints of sesame yield. In response to pathogen infection plant produces a large amount of secondary metabolites like PR proteins, phenolics and other signaling compounds. In present investigation the role PR proteins β-1,3 glucanases and chitinases during host-pathogen interaction was studied at different time interval i.e. 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post inoculation. Maximum induction of β, 1-3 glucanases was found at 48hpi in resistant genotypes than the susceptible. However maximum chitinase induction was noted in susceptible genotypes at 48 hpi. The expression of both genes was studied by quantitative real time PCR which was also supported the biochemical enzyme assay. Keywords: Pathogenesis related proteins, Macrophomina phaseolina, Sesamum indicum L. Introduction Sesame is widely known oil seed crop belongs to Pedaliaceae family having oblong capsules as fruit containing small and oval seeds which show white, red, brown or black color. It is one of the oldest, ancient crops cultivated for its high nutritional and flavorsome oil (Pathak et al., 2014) [22] . Sesame crop is affected by many diseases like Alternaria leaf blight, Cercospora leaf spot, wilt, stem blight, powdery mildew, bacterial leaf spot and phyllody etc. Among all the diseases, root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a major problem in India and one or more significant economic constraints to sesame production worldwide (Khan, 2007) [18] . The host range of this pathogen is wide that it can attack more than 500 plant families. In sesame it causes charcoal rot which is highly devastating disease, causing the yield loss up to 50% (Chattopadhyay and Sastry, 1999) [6] . To cope with these stresses plants, produce pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. It is one of the most important and effective plant defense mechanism and classified into 17 families on the basis of their amino acid sequence data and biochemical functions (Van Loon et al., 2006) [32] . They are low molecular weight, acid-soluble, protease resistant which accumulates in higher plants during incompatible interactions with fungi, viruses and bacteria (Adam, 2004) [2] . Among all PR proteins β-1,3 glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39) and chitinase (EC 3.2.2.1.14) are two important hydrolytic enzymes that are reported in many plant species during various biotic stresses. The PR-2 class includes β- 1,3-glucanases, dissemble fungal cell walls by catalysing the hydrolysis of β -1,3-d-glucosidic linkages in β -d glucans, which is the major cell wall component of most pathogenic fungi. Apart from biotic stresses this enzyme is also involved in several physiological and developmental process such as seed and pollen germination, bud dormancy, flower growth and fruit ripening (Su et al., 2016) [29] . Some groups of PR proteins such as PR-3, PR-4, PR-8, and PR-11 have chitinase activity and so can impact on the growth and survival of many fungi because of β-1,3-glucans or chitin as the major structural component of their cell wall (Kauffmann et al. 1987) [17] . The main substrate of chitinase is chitin, a natural homopolymer of β-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG) residues (Kasprzewska 2003) [16] . Plant chitinase-mediated hydrolysis of fungal chitin contributes to two major plant defense responses: the first is degradation of the fungal cell wall, which