Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol. 10, No. 3, June 2021, pp. 1572~1579 ISSN: 2302-9285, DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i3.2653  1572 Journal homepage: http://beei.org The internet of things in high andean wetland monitoring, historical review approach Vladimir Henao Céspedes 1 , Gloria Yaneth Florez 2 , Yeison Alberto Garcés-Gómez 3 1,3 Universidad Católica de Manizales-Unidad de Formación en Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas-UAFCNM, Manizales, Colombia 2 Universidad Católica de Manizales-Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollos Tecnológicos y Ambientales-GIDTA, Manizales, Colombia Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received May 21, 2020 Revised Dec 5, 2020 Accepted Mar 19, 2021 The internet of things (IoT) has allowed important technological advances for monitoring and telemetry, thanks to the fact that IoT-based systems allow to obtain information in large areas, far from urban environments, and where low energy monitoring systems are required, features that are consistent with the requirements for high Andean wetlands telemetry. The monitoring of environmental variables, such as water quality in high Andean wetlands, is a topic of great importance for the scientific community, since, if the knowledge of the dynamics of the wetlands is improved, it is possible to optimize the decision making for their conservation. In that sense, to know the application of the IoT in this type of wetlands at a global level, this work presents a review of the literature related to the use of the IoT in the monitoring of high Andean wetlands. In order to carry out a historical review, a methodology was proposed under some guiding questions, which allowed designing a structure for background searches. Both the questions and the structure guided the search process from macro areas, such as IoT and environment, to micro areas, such as IoT applications in wetland monitoring. Finally, the review concluded that IoT has not been applied in high Andean wetland monitoring. Keywords: Environment High andean wetlands IoT Wetlands Wireless sensor networks WSN This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Vladimir Henao Céspedes UAFCNM Universidad Católica de Manizales Manizales-Colombia, Cra 23 No. 60-63, Colombia Email: vhenao@ucm.edu.co 1. INTRODUCTION Habitats such as swamps, peatlands, floodplains, rivers, lakes and coastal areas are called wetlands. Within the coastal areas are marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds, but also coral reefs and other marine areas whose depth at low tide does not exceed six meters. Also, some unnatural constructions are called artificial wetlands in which wastewater treatment ponds and reservoirs can be found [1], [2]. Depending on their location, some of these are defined as high Andean wetlands, such is the case in Colombia, where some are located over the Andes Mountains. In Colombia, the high Andean wetlands are in a high degree of vulnerability, due to the fact that a part of the population has located in their vicinity, thus generating a high demand for land for agricultural production, and expanding the agricultural frontier, with the consequent drying up, contamination and destruction that such expansion generates [3]. Thus, according to [4], more than 60% of wetlands located in páramos in the upper basin of the Chinchiná River Colombia have been lost in a period of 10 years. The problem of loss of wetland coverage can be related, on one hand, to global