Open Access Volume 4 • Issue 5 • 1000194 J Aquac Res Development ISSN: 2155-9546 JARD, an open access journal Open Access Suantika et al., J Aquac Res Development 2013, 4:5 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9546.1000194 Open Access Keywords: L. vannamei; Postlarvae culture; Probiotic; V. harveyi; H. aquamarina; S. algae Introduction Fishery as main food source for human has been limited due to over exploitation, pollution, and disturbance of natural balance. One of way to meet demand of food from fshery is aquaculture, as a system to cultivate aquatic organism as a food source under human control, involving at least one step of aquatic organism life cycle to increase culture productivity [1]. Several aquatic organisms have been cultured in aquaculture, such as many kinds of fsh and shrimp [2]. Aquaculture has important role either in national or global economical development, since it has the fastest growth of food industry (9.6% each year). As one of the biggest aquaculture producer, Indonesia has growth of 10.26% annually [3]. In 2008, total aquaculture production in the world reached the point of 52.5 million metric tons, which 40% of them was contributed by modern aquaculture. Crustacean production as one of the important commodity contributed up to around 62.5% of total crustacean production in the world [4]. One of the main aquaculture commodities of crustacean group in Indonesia is shrimp, especially white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone.) as one of Penaeidae shrimp, which has high economical and nutritional value and contributes to 50% of total world production [5]. Tis commodity contributes signifcantly to the total of Indonesian aquaculture productions and by 2003 reached 115.441 ton or 47.61% of world production total [6]. However there are still many disadvantages attributed to the culture particularly low culture productivity during hatchery phase, due to the application of batch culture system which does not pay attention in water quality and disease management. Low water culture management triggers increasing of white shrimp disease infection [7,8]. One of the main disease infection of white shrimp culture is vibriosis syndrome, due to Vibrio harveyi infection when it population reach more than 10 4 Colony Forming Units.mL -1 (CFU.mL -1 ) [9]. Several ways have been applied to solve this problem i.e., use of recirculation system, antibiotic, chlorine, and disinfection. However, limited of simplicity and reliability recirculation system make it difcult to be applied in traditional hatchery. In addition, use of chlorine, antibiotic and disinfection support the increase of resistant bacteria strain population and accumulation of residue in the water [10,11]. Some kinds of bacteria, called probiotic bacteria, have been found to solve inefective methods above. However, until now the application of probiotic is still limited because unresolved action mechanism of each probiotic, and questionable of probiotic as indigene or local bacteria in white shrimp culture [7]. Based on the above explanation, the research about the use of local probiotic application in white shrimp static culture system to increase water quality and to solve vibriosis syndrome is needed. In this research *Corresponding author: Gede Suantika, Microbial Biotechnology Research Group, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl.Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, Tel: +62-22-251-1575; E-mail: gsuantika@sith.itb.ac.id Received July 20, 2013; Accepted September 16, 2013; Published September 25, 2013 Citation: Suantika G, Aditiawati P, Astuti DI, Khotimah ZF (2013) The Use of Indigenous Probiotic Halomonas aquamarina and Shewanella algae for White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) Hatchery Productivity in Zero Water Discharge System. J Aquac Res Development 4: 194 doi:10.4172/2155- 9546.1000194 Copyright: © 2013 Suantika G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract This research was aimed to improve the performance of white shrimp postlarvae culture through the application of indigeneous probiotic bacteria, Halomonas aquamarina and Shewanella algae in zero water discharge system. The research was conducted by following two consecutive steps: (1) pathogenicity test of both probiotic in white shrimp culture, and (2) probiotic effect test to water quality and vibriosis syndrome control. From the frst step, the use of probiotics had no pathogenocity effect to shrimp PL since survival rate of 84-98% was documented. From step two, the application of both probiotic bacteria was able to inhibit the population growth of V. harveyi in which the highest survival rate of 93.94% obtained from H. aquamarina addition, followed by S. algae addition (92.12%), H. aquamarina: S. algae addition (90.60%), S. algae: V. harveyi addition (89.39%), H. aquamarina: S. algae: V. harveyi addition (87.87%), H. aquamarina: V. harveyi addition (87.57%), no addition of bacteria (84.84%) and V. harveyi addition (82.42%). There was no signifcantly different (p>0.05) among the treatments on all water quality parameters which were still in tolerance range of white shrimp PL culture (salinity 26-30 ppt; temperature 26-28°C; pH 7.5-8.5; DO 5.7-6.4 mgL -1 ; ammonia 0.1-0.5 mgL -1 ; nitrite 0.02-0.25 mgL -1 ; nitrate 5-40 mgL -1 ). In term of other biological parameter, the use of these probiotics was signifcantly affecting the weight increase of shrimps. Bacterial identifcation showed that there was a major similarity of microbial diversity found both in water and L.vannamei intestine. It could be concluded that the use of H. aquamarina and S. algae as indigene probiotics contributed to the increase of shrimp survival rate. However this effect was not clearly described by the effect of water quality parameters improvement and it most probably due to the inhibition activity of these two probiotics on V. harveyi. The Use of Indigenous Probiotic Halomonas aquamarina and Shewanella algae for White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) Hatchery Productivity in Zero Water Discharge System Gede Suantika*, Pingkan Aditiawati, Dea Indriani Astuti and Zarah Fazri Khotimah Microbial Biotechnology Research Group, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl.Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development Research Article J o u r n a l o f A q u a c u lt u r e R e s e a r c h & D e v e l o p m e n t ISSN: 2155-9546