Open Access Research Article Uddin et al., Pharmaceut Anal Acta 2013, 4:10 DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000274 Volume 4 • Issue 10 • 1000274 Pharmaceut Anal Acta ISSN: 2153-2435 PAA, an open access journal *Corresponding author: Ghias Uddin, Institute of Chemical Sciences; Centre for Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan, Tel: +923453256686; E-mail: ghiasuddin@upesh.edu.pk; drghiasuddin@hotmail.com Received October 08, 2013; Accepted November 26, 2013; Published November 28, 2013 Citation: Uddin G, Alam M, Muhammad N, Siddiqui BS, Sadat A (2013) Bioassay- guided Isolation of a Antinociceptive, Anti-infammatory and Antipyretic Benzofuran Derivative from Viburnum grandiforum. Pharmaceut Anal Acta 4: 274. doi: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000274 Copyright: © 2013 Uddin G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Bioassay-guided Isolation of a Antinociceptive, Anti-inflammatory and Antipyretic Benzofuran Derivative from Viburnum grandiflorum Ghias Uddin 1 *, Muhammad Alam 1 , Naveed Muhammad 2 , Bina S Siddiqui 3 and Anwar Sadat 1 1 Institute of Chemical Sciences; Centre for Phytomedicine and Medicinal Organic Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan 2 Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan 3 H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan Keywords: Viburnum grandiforum; Benzofurane derivative; Antinociceptive; Anti-infammatory; Antipyretic; NMR-spectroscopy Introduction Viburnum, a genus of the family Adoxaceae (formerly Capripoliaceae), consists of more than 230 species, mostly distributed in the temperate or subtropical zones from South America to Southeast Asia and the majority of them are endemic [1]. Six species of the genus Viburnum distributed in various localities of Pakistan [2]. Te genus Viburnum is well known in folk medicine for their spasmolytic, sedative and anti-asthmatic properties. Viburnum prunifolium specifcally used for menstrual cramps, as anti-abortive agent and for prevention of postpartum bleeding [3]. Viburnum grandifuram is locally used as purgative, abdominal pain [4], diuretic, and antimalarial [5]. It is also used for the wound healing [6], stomachache [5,7], whooping cough and respiratory diseases, toothache, typhoid [8] and analgesic [9]. Recently, we have tested V. grandifuram for its various in-vitro pharmacological activities and proved good antifungal, antibacterial and phytotoxic [2]. Te present studies was designed to employ bioassy fractionation for the isolation of analgesic, anti-infammatory and antipyretic agents from the roots extract of V. grandifuram. Materials and Methods All the studies were strongly approved by the ethical committee of University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan (1367/UOPEC/2011). Plant material V. grandiforum roots were collected from Tandyani district Hazara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the month of July 2009. Plant was identifed by an eminent taxonomist of Botany Department of Hazara University and a specimen voucher was deposited in the University Herbarium. Chemicals All the solvents used were of chromatographic analytical grade, Abstract In tradition system of medicines the Vibernum grandiforum is widely practiced as antipyretic in the treatment of malaria and typhoid. The current study was designed for scientifc validation of antinociceptive, anti-infammatory and antipyretic effect of V. grandiforum with reference to its chemical composition. The crude ethanolic extract and isolated compound was tested for its antinociceptive effect using acetic acid and hot plate pain models. The anti-infammatory potential was investigated through carrageenan induced oedema and antipyretic effect was determined using brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia. Beside the isolation of β-sitosterol, ursolic acid and betulin, a benzofurane derivative, 2-(-4’-hydroxy-3’-methoxy-phenyl)-5-(3”-hydroxy-propyl)-3-hydroxy-methyl-7-hydroxy-2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran was frst time isolated from the roots of V. grandiforum. The crude extract and compound 1 were found to be active in protection of induced writhing (70.45 and 82.11%), inhibition of increase in paw volume (71.34 and 54.47%), and attenuation of pyrexia (71.78 and 41.68%). It is concluded that the signifcant inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing, protection of carrageenan induced paw oedema and attenuation of induced pyrexia by isolated compound 1 strongly supports the antinociceptive, anti-infammatory and antipyretic effect of the roots of V. grandiforum. This research work also provides scientifc rationale to the folkloric use of V. grandiforum as pain killer and antipyretic. paracetamol (purity >99%) was donated by Global Pharmaceuticals (Pvt) Ltd., diclofenac sodium (Purity >99%) was donated by Madicraf Pharma (Pvt) Ltd., tramadol, acetic acid, normal saline, Brewer’s yeast, carrageenan were purchased from E. Mark (Pvt). Ltd. Animals NMRI mice and Wistar rats of either sex were used for all experiments. Animals were maintained under standard laboratory conditions (12/12 h day night light and dark, 22 ± 3 0 C. Standard food was supplied and fresh water were ad labitum. General experimental procedures Flash column chromatography: silica gel 60 (Merck, 0.063-0.200 mm). Prep TLC: glass plates precoated with silica gel 60 GF 254 (0.5 mm thickness, Merck); detection with I 2 spray. Optical rotations: JASCO- DIP-360 digital polarimeter. UV: SECOMAN spectrophotometer ANTHJRPC Version 4.1h. 1-D and 2-D NMR: Bruker Avance 600 spectrometer (600 MHz); EI-MS: Varian MAT 312 mass spectrometer. EI source at 250 0 C and 70 eV; m/z (rel.%). Te HREIMS spectrum was recorded on Jeol JMS-600H mass spectrometer. CI-MS; Jeol JMS–HX 110. CI carrier gas used was CH 4 . P h a r m a c e u t i c a A n a l y t i c a A c t a ISSN: 2153-2435 Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta