Research Article Chronic Energy Deficiency and Its Determinant Factors among Adults Aged 18–59 Years in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study Samuel Dagne , 1 Yonatan Menber, 1 Yosef Wassihun, 1 Gedefaw Dires , 2 Atitegeb Abera, 2 Seteamlak Adane, 2 Melese Linger , 2 and Zelalem T. Haile 3 1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia 2 Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia 3 Ohio University, Athens, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Samuel Dagne; samdagseg@gmail.com Received 4 September 2020; Revised 4 December 2020; Accepted 29 December 2020; Published 6 January 2021 Academic Editor: Roxana Vald´ es-Ramos Copyright © 2021 Samuel Dagne et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. e prevalence of undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries is still remarkably high. Undernutrition during adulthood is a greater risk factor for low productivity, poor health, and mortality. ere is limited information on the prevalence and determinants of chronic energy deficiency in Ethiopia. Objective. To assess the prevalence and determinants of chronic energy deficiency among adults aged 18–59 years in Ethiopia. Method. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data obtained from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Data were collected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique, and the analytic sample consisted of 9,280 adults aged 18–59 years. e chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used, and p value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result. A total of 9280 adults aged 18–59 years were included in the study and 2911 (28.7%) (95% CI: 27.0%–30.4%) of whom were chronic energy deficient. Adults who have no work (AOR � 1.41, 95% CI:1.16, 1.72), male adults from Tigray region (AOR � 2.23, 95% CI: 1.61, 3.09), Afar region (AOR � 2.98, 95% CI: 2.04, 4.36), Somali region (AOR � 3.14, 95% CI: 2.19, 4.52), Gambella region (AOR � 1.89, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.76), Harari region (AOR � 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.19), Amhara region (AOR � 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.13), Oromia region (AOR � 1.53, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.19), Dire Dawa (AOR � 1.45, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.05), adults live lonely (AOR � 1.44, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.71), and adults residing in poor wealth index households (AOR � 1.26 : 95% CI: 1.07, 1.49) were significantly associated with chronic energy deficiency. Conclusion and recommendation. Chronic energy deficiency among male adults in Ethiopia was a high public health problem. Marital status, wealth index, occupation, and region were significant predictors of chronic energy deficiency. e Ministry of Health with other partners should strictly monitor and evaluate interventions that are being applied and should give focus to adult men to prevent malnutrition. 1. Introduction Nowadays, low- and middle-income countries are currently attacked by a double burden of malnutrition. e rates of overweight and obesity are increasing much faster in the developing world. e prevalence of undernutrition is still remarkably high [1–4]. Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is defined as a steady-state at which a person is in energy balance, although at a “cost” either in terms of health risk or as an impairment of functions and health [5]. Chronic energy deficiency can also be defined based on body mass index (BMI) as <18.5 kg/m 2 [6, 7]. Chronic energy deficiency during adulthood is associ- ated with different adverse functional consequences. It in- creases the risk of morbidity, and mortality together with decreased mental and cognitive development reduces edu- cational achievement and labor productivity [8–11]. e most common contributing factors to chronic en- ergy deficiency among adults include inadequate diet intake, socioeconomic status, and infection [12–14]. Today, nearly one in three persons globally suffers from at least one form of malnutrition: wasting, stunting, vitamin and mineral deficiency, overweight or obesity, and diet- related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). In 2003, about Hindawi Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism Volume 2021, Article ID 8850241, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8850241