International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 9(3): 583-589, 2021 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2021.090326
The Effect of Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention
Program on Kindergarten Students
Nuridin Widya Pranoto
1,*
, Amung Ma'mun
2
, Mulyana Mulyana
2
, Nurlan Kusmaedi
2
1
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
2
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Received March 12, 2021; Revised April 6, 2021; Accepted May 23, 2021
Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Amung Ma'mun, Mulyana Mulyana, Nurlan Kusmaedi , "The Effect of Fundamental
Motor Skills Intervention Program on Kindergarten Students," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports
Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 583 - 589, 2021. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2021.090326.
(b): Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Amung Ma'mun, Mulyana Mulyana, Nurlan Kusmaedi (2021). The Effect of Fundamental
Motor Skills Intervention Program on Kindergarten Students. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports
Sciences, 9(3), 583 - 589. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2021.090326.
Copyright©2021 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract Background: The ability of motor skills
becomes the basis for children to master movement skills.
There are still many students whose motor skills are below
average. Objective: The aim is to compare the fundamental
motor skills (FMS) regular program with the intervention
FMS program conducted in 12 meetings within 6 weeks in
schools. Methods: 80 kindergarten students were sampled
and split into two equal groups where 40 students were
placed in the control group to receive regular training and
the rest 40 students in the intervention group. The test of
gross motor development-2 (TGMD-2) was employed
while measuring the motor skills through pre-test and
post-test approach. Results: There was an increase in motor
skills in both learning groups. After testing with the
Mann-Whitney test, obtained with the mean range of 21.44
in the regular FMS program which was found lower
comparing to the other one of the FMS in the intervention
program of 59.56, Sig. equal to 0.000 <0.05, meaning that
this discrepancy was statistically significant at p-value =
0.05. These latter findings imply that motor skills were
highly increased in the intervention group rather than in
those who followed the regular FMS program. Conclusion:
The FMS learning through intervention programs is better
at improving students' motor skills. Schools can use FMS
interventions to improve motor skills, provided that the
teacher understands the implementation of the program,
implements the program according to the guidelines,
students follow the entire learning process.
Keywords Fundamental Motor Skills, Intervention
FMS Program, Kindergarten Students
1. Introduction
Motor skills are a combination of the basic movement
patterns of two or more body segments [1], [2]. They are
normally divided into 3 categories; such as (1) locomotor,
namely the ability to move the body through space, (2) ball
skills, broadly understood as the ability to push or
manipulate objects in space, and (3) stability skills, the
ability to maintain postural control [3]. Motor skills are
important for children because they can improve children's
physical, social, and cognitive development, as well as
emotional feeling [4]. The extensive literature reveals that
children with motor skills are more active and more likely
to be involved in physical activity than children with low
motor skills [4] [5]. Children who do not master motor
skills can experience long-term difficulties in carrying out
physical activities in the future [6], [5], [7]. Low motor
skills in children cause the child's inability to
balance/control movement skills and low self-confidence
in physical activities.
The age of human development of motor skills ranges
from 3 to 6 years [8], [9]. The preschool years are identified
as a critical time to develop fundamental motor skills (FMS)
[10], where children's movement patterns are not directed
and preschoolers who lag in developing FMS are at risk of