The Synergistic Effect of Thiourea and Surfactants on Corrosion
Inhibition of Stainless Steel-316 in Hydrochloric acid
Sami Ullah
1, a
, Muhammad Nadeem
2, b
, A.M. Shariff
1, c*
, Faiz Ahmad
3, d
,
Shaukat Ali Shahid
4, e
, M. Sagir
5, f
Muhammad Rafi Raza Malik
3, g
and Muhammad Mushtaq
5, h
1
Research Center for CO
2
Capture,
5
Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi
PETRONAS, Malaysia
2
PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia
4
Department of Physics University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
a
samichemist1@gmail.com,
b
nadeem_waterchemist@yahoo.com,
c
azmish@petronas.com.my,
d
faizahmadster@gmail.com,
e
shaukatalishahidpy@yahoo.com,
f
sagir.utp@gmail.com,
g
rafirazamalik@gmail.com,
h
mmushtaq3@gmail.com
Keywords: Corrosion inhibition, Thiourea, Surfactants, Stainless Steel 316
Abstract: Corrosion and scaling are the common problems to all the industries. A remedy of these
problems was sought out through chemical treatment: indigenously available raw materials
including thiourea, surfactants (cationic, anionic and nonionic containing pre, critical and post
micellar concentration). Evaluation of corrosion inhibition properties stainless steel 316 by thiourea
based inhibitor and its synergistic effect with cationic cetyl tri-methyl ammonium bromide (CTAB),
anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and nonionic triton X-100 have been carried out by weight
loss method as a function of concentration of thiourea and surfactants. These materials were applied
to the coupons of stainless steel 316 in different acidic concentration. Corrosion rates were
calculated using weight loss method. Excellent results were achieved regarding corrosion inhibition
in the presence of thiourea and surfactants assuring the better performance of these chemicals. The
results showed that corrosion rate was decreased from 90 mpy to 12.1 mpy after 720 hours by the
addition of 200ppm thiourea in critical micellar concentration of SDS in 3M HCl acid solution.
Introduction
Evaluation of corrosion phenomenon and its inhibition in acidic environment for metal and metal
alloys have got tremendous importance when viewed in terms of maintenance and repair costs of
industrial systems associated with corrosion and material failure. Due to their heavyweight and
mechanical strength, the alloys of stainless steel are used for industrial applications. The use of
stainless steel arises from their significance in the current society [1-6]. The evaluation of corrosion
coupons is one of the most traditional and reliable methods for corrosion monitoring. They yield
exact information on the basis of average mass loss; extent and distribution of localized corrosion
and can also provide further information regarding the nature of corrosion through analysis of their
corrosion products. Corrosion of metals is the most important industrial problem that has attracted a
lot of investigators in recent years [7-9]. In general, acid inhibitors are nitrogen (N), sulphur (S)
oxygen (O) and phosphorus (P). These are organic based compound with the structure of triple
bond. The value of inhibition of corrosion decreases according to the order O<N<S<P. The
corrosion inhibition is a surface process, which involves the adsorption of the organic compounds
on metallic substrate surface. The inhibition efficiency of organic compound relies on size of
molecule, type of interaction with the metallic surface [9-12] . The adsorption primarily depends on
the electronic configuration of molecule structure. Thiourea and three different types of surfactants
(CTAB, SDS and Triton X–100) these compounds contain nitrogen and sulphur [13, 14]. Though,
previous research on utilize of chelating agents as organic inhibitors particularly those bearing
Advanced Materials Research Vol. 917 (2014) pp 28-34
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.917.28
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,
www.ttp.net. (ID: 203.135.191.3, Universiti Technologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia-10/04/14,03:06:22)