_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: kc.irikannu@unizik.edu.ng; South Asian Journal of Parasitology 5(4): 22-28, 2021; Article no.SAJP.72095 Parasites Harbored by Synanthropic Flies in Urban and Rural Areas of Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria Obianuju Nwadiogo Mbakwe 1 , Miriam Okwudili Iwueze 1 , Kindness Chidi Irikannu 1* and Chikodili Obiajulu Aniefuna 1 1 Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Authors ONM, MOI and KCI designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors ONM, KCI and COA managed the analyses of the study. Authors ONM, KCI and COA managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information Editor(s): (1) Dr. Somdet Srichairatanakool, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Reviewers: (1) Sevidzem Silas Lendzele, Gabon. (2) Matheus Diniz Gonçalves Coêlho, Centro Universitário FUNVIC, Brazil. Complete Peer review History: https://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/72095 Received 25 May 2021 Accepted 30 July 2021 Published 05 August 2021 ABSTRACT Background: Synanthropic flies are of public health importance due to their role as mechanical transmitters of parasites. The link between human pathogens and fly-transmission is because adult flies feed and breed on refuse dump, human excrement, and other decaying materials and making contact with humans and their livestock. Aim: The study was to investigate the parasites species associated with synanthropic flies in selected urban and rural areas of Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The study was a field survey of synanthropic flies and laboratory-based isolation of parasites associated with the flies. Duration: The study was conducted between October-December, 2019 (Dry season) and May-July, 2020 (Rainy season). Materials and Methods: Four (4) sweep nets were used for collection of flies. Parasites were identified in the laboratory using sedimentation techniques. Results: A total of 181(100%) parasites comprising six species were isolated from the flies. They were; Entamoeba histolytica 18(9.94%), Ascaris lumbricoides 76(41.99%), Taenia species 27(14.92%), Giardia lamblia 19(10.50%), hookworm 18(9.94%) and Trichuris trichiura 23(12.70%). Original Research Article