Performance Evaluation of Full SiC Switching Cell in
an Interleaved Boost Converter for PV Applications
Carl N.M. Ho, Francisco Canales, Sami Pettersson, Gerardo Escobar, Antonio Coccia, and Nikolaos Oikonomou
Corporate Research, ABB Switzerland Ltd. Baden-Daettwil, Switzerland
carl.ho@ch.abb.com
Abstract—The paper presents device characteristics of a recent
developed 1.2kV silicon carbide (SiC) switching cell and system
performance of an interleaved boost converter using that
switching cell. The static and dynamic characteristics of the
full SiC switching cell, including a SiC MOSFET and a SiC
diode, are experimentally extracted and the advantages of the
devices are evaluated. A 2.5kW interleaved boost converter for
PV applications is implemented as benchmark test system. It is
used to evaluate the system efficiency improvement by using
the full SiC switching cell. The experimental results show that
the SiC MOSFET greatly improves the efficiency of the
converter in contrast to Si 1.2kV IGBT devices.
I. INTRODUCTION
Silicon Carbide (SiC) material got more attention during
the last decade due to the wide bandgap and high breakdown
voltage characteristics as alternative to increase the
maximum power rating, switching frequency and operation
temperature for power semiconductor devices [1]-[3].
Among the types of power semiconductors, power diode was
the first device adopting SiC technology and being
commercially available. The main advantages are high
breakdown voltage and low reverse recovery current [4]-[6].
However, some low power applications, such as PV
inverters, can not bring SiC diode’s advantages into full play.
This is because Silicon based IGBTs are usually used in high
voltage and low switching frequency applications since the
turn-off switching loss is relatively high compared to Si
MOSFETs due to the well-known current tail phenomenon.
Eventually, the switching frequency can not go higher, thus
the loss reduction by means of SiC diodes is not significant
in the overall semiconductor loss. On the other hand, Si
MOSFETs are also an option for low power applications [7]-
[8], since it provides short transition time in both turn-on and
turn-off durations. However, the efficiency of the converter
still suffers from high conduction loss in the MOSFET,
especially for high voltage class (>900V) devices. Recently,
SiC switches have been demonstrated to overcome the
drawbacks of Si based switches. SiC switches provide high
breakdown voltage, high junction temperature, fast transient
time and low on-resistance [9]-[11]. It is a fact that a full SiC
switching cell will bring the benefits of fast switching and
low energy loss to modern power electronic systems. Among
the SiC switches, SiC MOSFET is the most attractive device
for power electronic systems design due to closer
compatibility with Si devices, that means normally-off
characteristic which will require lower complexity in the
desing of the gate drivers.
This paper presents characteristics of a SiC switching cell
including a 1.2kV / 20A SiC MOSFET and a commercial
1.2kV / 20A SiC Schottky diode, Furthermore, the
performance of an interleaved boost converter using the full
SiC switching cell for PV applications is presented as a case
study. The addressed issues include static characteristics and
switching behaviors of the SiC switching cell. Besides,
experimental results in a 2.5kW interleaved boost converter
using the SiC switching cells are provided to show the
benefits of using SiC MOSFET instead of Si IGBT devices
in such application.
II. SIC DEVICE CHARACTERIZATIONS
The semiconductor characterization of a new device is
the first work level for prototyping a power electronic
system. Generally, results can be classified into two
categories, static and dynamic characteristics. Based on the
parameters, which are extracted from the semiconductors,
the conduction losses and switching losses of a switching
cell operating in a system can be estimated [12]-[14].
Moreover, it is important to optimize the system by selecting
the most suitable operating point for the semiconductor
devices and adjust the speed of the gate drive circuits
accordingly to the application. In this section, both
experimental extracted characteristics form the full SiC
switching cell are presented
A. Static Characteristics
Static characteristics generally provide the static loss
information and the key parameters for guiding the device
transient actions. The Tektronix 371A Curve Tracer is used
to extract the key parameters from the semiconductor
devices [15]. The output characteristics, transfer
characteristics, and forward characteristics of the most
advance SiC MOSFET and SiC Schottky diode at 25˚C and
150˚C are presented in the following.
978-1-4577-0541-0/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE 1923