1057 Deposition Formation Effect of Biodiesel in a Diesel Engine Fuel Injector Sajjad Bhangwar 1 , Aijaz Abbasi 1 *, Liaquat Ali Memon 1 , Sher Muhammad Ghoto 1 , Azhar Hussain Shah 1 , Muhammad Ramzan Luhur 1 1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology Nawabshah-67480, Pakistan *Corresponding Author:- aijaz-abbasi@quest.edu.pk ABSTRACT To establish a long-term sustainability of biodiesel to fulfill the quest for renewable fuel resources for the countries has low or no fossil fuels reserves. The energy resource meets to its limited capacity, alternative new energy resources must be explored such as the introduction of biodiesel as an alternative energy resources of petroleum products. The present research work is a 90-hour long-term endurance test performed with B30 sample (biodiesel 30% + 70% diesel) fueled with modified investigation performance, sound pressure level and engine durability. Special attention has been given to certain phenomena affecting the life of the engine, the formation of deposits and its performance. Experimental results of this research work demonstrated that the modified diesel engine could be efficiently performed with the B30 fuel sample. Key words: Biodiesel, renewable fuel, pressure, engine performance, and energy. 1. INTRODUCTION If the global supply of fossil fuels is declined, then the price of crude oil will be increased. Therefore, it would not be feasible to plethora use of fuel oil goods such as gas or gasoline, etc. The researchers of the world trying to find out the suitable alternate fuel which produces from renewable resource. Scientists and research centers are seeking to come up with a bio-fuel alternative. Biodiesel and its associated blends are classified in a renewable and sustainable fuels [1]. Since the properties of these fuels are close to those of diesel [2]. Biofuels from renewable resources are known as biomass. Biofuels are obtained from plants and animal waste. Biomass is derived from wastewater and animal waste, the gas that generated by the wood gasification cycle which is known as pyrolysis ethanol plants [3]. Biodiesel products are derived from several materials, such as recycled cooking oil, palm oil and animal fats, including glycerides. Vegetable oil used in plethora of glycoside forms [4]. The method that transforms vegetable oil to biodiesel is called transesterification. According to the American Society of Testing Substance Norm, the biodiesel is classified as mono- alkyl esters that designated as B100. Biodiesel products reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and nearly 50 percent of normal life cycle (GHG) pollution [5]. Biodiesel provides a lot of miscible of fossil petrol. Biodiesel mixed with petrol to improve fuel efficiency. The not-similar properties are like jet fuel. The physicochemical properties of the fuel can influence engine parameters of various fuel ratios of biodiesel blended with diesel fuel [6], [7]. As load rises, actual fuel usage decreases and smoke rises with large fuel gas ratios. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) decreases at lower load due to decreased mechanical performance [8]. Some researchers are exploring the usage of biodiesel in a compression ignition engine that consumes less power due to its lower calorific content [9], [10]. The high density and viscosity of biodiesel, the basic fuel intake of the brakes is improved relative to petrol [11]. Biodiesel requires a stronger combustion cycle owing to its low oxygen content. Carbon deposits described as a range of mixtures made up of carbon particles. Carbonaceous mixtures (soot) and oxygenated resinous organic compounds blend as mixtures deposit frequently accumulate some engine parts in the combustion chamber, such as piston, intake and exhaust valves, cylinder head and the injector tip [12], [13]. Due to the development of deposition on nozzle injector that slows movement of injector which has a maximal effect at short injection time and in high load it impacts intensity [14]. At high injection pressure and maximum load, the volume of injection decreased by the lack of control on the internal injector [15]. However, it improves the compression of engine in creation of exhaust layer in combustion chamber and decreases the amount of clearance [16]. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is the brake power of the heat engine as a part of heat supplied by fuel. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) variation depends on load of engine, the speed and blending ratio of biodiesel. Higher density and lower fuel heating values allow higher fuel mass to a certain energy efficiency from engine [17], [18]. Density and calorific value have been found to have a significant effect on the degree of unsaturation [19]. In this research, two fuel samples were used, such as D100 and B30. Brake specific fuel intake B30 was found higher than D100 due to its high oxygen content ISSN 2347 - 3983 Volume 9. No. 8, August 2021 International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research Available Online at http://www.warse.org/IJETER/static/pdf/file/ijeter03982021.pdf https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2021/03982021