Research Article TB Risk Perceptions among Medical Residents at a Tertiary Care Center in India Geeta S. Pardeshi, 1 Dileep Kadam, 2 Ajay Chandanwale, 2 Andrea Deluca, 3 Pranali Khobragade, 2 Malan Parande, 2 Nishi Suryavanshi, 4 Aarti Kinikar, 2 Anita Basavaraj, 2 Sunita Girish, 2 Sangita Shelke, 2 Nikhil Gupte, 3,4 Jason Farley, 5 and Robert Bollinger 6 1 Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India 2 Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India 3 Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA 4 Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, Maharashtra, India 5 School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 6 Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Geeta S. Pardeshi; kanugeet@gmail.com Received 14 June 2017; Accepted 4 October 2017; Published 22 November 2017 Academic Editor: David C. Perlman Copyright © 2017 Geeta S. Pardeshi et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Setting. Government tertiary health care center in India. Objective. To understand the perceptions of medical residents about their risk of developing TB in the workplace. Design. Cross-sectional study in which a semistructured questionnaire which included an open-ended question to assess their main concerns regarding TB in workplace was used to collect data. Results. Out of 305 resident doctors approached, 263 (94%) completed a structured questionnaire and 200 of these responded to an open-ended question. Daily exposure to TB was reported by 141 (64%) residents, 13 (5%) reported a prior history of TB, and 175 (69%) respondents were aware of TB infection control guidelines. A majority reported concerns about acquiring TB (78%) and drug-resistant TB (88%). Te key themes identifed were concerns about developing drug-resistant TB ( = 100; 50%); disease and its clinical consequences ( = 39; 20%); social and professional consequences ( = 37; 19%); exposure to TB patients ( = 32; 16%); poor infection control measures ( = 27; 14%); and high workload and its health consequences ( = 16; 8%). Conclusion. Tough many resident doctors were aware of TB infection control guidelines, only few expressed concern about lack of TB infection control measures. Doctors need to be convinced of the importance of these measures which should be implemented urgently. 1. Introduction Health Care Workers (HCWs) are known to be at risk of acquiring tuberculosis in the workplace [1]. In response to this risk, the World Health Organization published guidelines for prevention of TB in health care facilities and policy on TB infection control [2, 3]. In India, studies have also reported an increased risk of TB among HCWs [4–8]. Te government has issued airborne infection control recommendations for health care settings [9]. However, due to structural, admin- istrative, and behavioral factors [10–13], implementation of these guidelines has been poor [14–17]. Recently a study estimated TB incidence of 3,279 per 100,000 person years among resident doctors in a tertiary care center in India [18]. In our study at the same institute which was conducted to assess the resident doctors’ attitudes toward TB patients, only 49% reported feeling compassion for and desire to help TB patients. Te remaining 51% reported either feeling compassion yet avoiding TB pateints, having a fear and thinking that they may cause infection, or having no particular feeling [19]. Tese results raise concerns about the ability of the resi- dents to follow the TB prevention guidelines and its impact on their attitudes towards TB patients. Health care workers are Hindawi Tuberculosis Research and Treatment Volume 2017, Article ID 7514817, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7514817