International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 06 | June 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3580 Traffic Volume and Congestion analysis By Calculating PCU Value at Khurram Nagar Rotary Arpit Verma 1 , Alok Saini 2 , Dr Sudhakar Shukla 3 1 M.Tech Scholar, School of Geoinformatics, RSAC-UP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Scientist, RSAC-UP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 3 Head, School of Geoinformatics, RSAC-UP, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India -------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract - Traffic congestion is a major problem in a fast growing Smart city, which creates major conflicts on roads and results into time and fuel losses. This study analyzes the current condition of traffic congestion at Khurram Nagar rotary. Number of vehicles are increasing as the population is increasing and more number of vehicles are coming on the road which creates conflict and congestion. This study analyzes the traffic capacity and traffic volume of the rotary and questionnaire with vehicle drivers for creating relationship between practical and theoretical design parameters. Number of vehicles are counted and converted in PCU with the help of video recording camera on rotary followed by field visits and according to rotary dimension the capacity and volume is calculated. Various tools and technique are used for verifying the collected data and for creating relationship. To reduce the problems of traffic at Khurram Nagar is to apply the traffic signs with signals and regulation of traffic with the help of trained traffic manpower. Key Words: Congestion, Traffic Capacity, PCU (Passenger Car Unit), Traffic Volume, Questionnaires, Design Parameters, AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) INTRODUCTION In a developing country where the population density is more with respect to their population area distribution, show frequent traffic congestion during working time. Lucknow is a smart city of Uttar Pradesh and this has more no. of registered vehicle than any other city. During morning and evening time huge number of vehicle movement occurs around a rotary with addition of pedestrian and costermonger. So the flow of traffic, pattern of movement, traffic volume and capacity of road changes drastically during morning (8.30-10 am) and evening (5-7 pm) time at Khurram Nagar rotary. The main reason of the congestion is due to large number of vehicle (public, private) movement in a sudden and small time period and narrow width of road. Rotary covers residential buildings, showrooms, hospitals and educational institutions. So during morning and evening time the movement of traffic suddenly increases which creates conflicts. Some places also lacking the traffic signals and less experienced traffic police. In order to reduce the traffic congestion around the rotary necessary and effective steps should be taken. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY- The main aim of this study is to find out the cause of traffic congestion at rotary by finding out the PCU values. Following objectives are formulated- 1- To study the current situation of traffic at Khurram Nagar rotary by calculating PCU. 2- To identify the responsible factors for traffic congestion. 3- Calculation of vehicle per hour (Vph). LITERATURE REVIEW IRC-65 suggest that maximum volume of traffic that a rotary can efficiently handle is 3000 vehicle per hour and minimum is 500 vehicles per hour entering from all the legs of intersection. Rotaries are most adaptable where the volume entering the different intersection legs are approximately equal. A rotary is preferable if there are other junctions so near that there would be insufficient space for the formation of queues. A traffic rotary is a specialised form of at-grade intersection where vehicles from the converging arms are forced to move round an island in one direction in an orderly and regimented manner and weave out of the rotary movement into their desired directions. Circumstances where rotaries are an appropriate method of inter- section control are largely dependent on the layout of the site, proportion of right turning traffic and the traffic characteristics of the routes. Rotaries are not generally warranted for inter- sections carrying very light traffic. These could be a good choice though for moderately