International Review on Modelling and Simulations (I.RE.MO.S.), Vol. 3, N. 6
December 2010
Manuscript received and revised November 2010, accepted December 2010 Copyright © 2010 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved
1492
Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimal Location of TCSC and SSSC
in the Power System Network
M. Karami, N. Mariun, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir
Abstract FACTS controllers are based on power electronics technology. They are able to
control three main parameters of transmission line such as voltage magnitude, voltage angle and
line impedance. Different types of FACTS devices and their various locations in the power system
have different effects. In this paper, a practical, accurate and famous heuristic method in
engineering science known as genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimal location of
FACTS devices and their appropriate size and setting is presented. This method is employed to
maximize distance to collapse point of power system and to reduce total active power loss. The
continuation power flow (CPF) method is operated to identify the collapse point and critical
situation of system. Two types of FACTS devices considered in this study are Thyristor Controlled
Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). Modeling and
simulation are performed on IEEE 14, 57 and 118 bus test system. The acquired results clearly
display the effectiveness of this study to find the best location, appropriate size and setting of
FACTS devices to achieve mentioned objectives. Furthermore, the results show the effect and
capability of FACTS devices to modify different parameters of power system. Copyright © 2010
Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All rights reserved.
Keywords: TCSC, SSSC, Voltage Collapse, Continuation Power Flow Analysis, Genetic
Algorithm
Nomenclature
The nonlinear vector function
The state variable of system
The algebraic variables vector
The variable loading levels
The controllable parameters of system
u A set of system variables and parameters
A set of variables and
The normalized zero eigenvector
The initial operating point
c(u) The constraints
The function of nonlinear vector and
algebraic functions which correspond to
state variables, load bus voltages and
angles
The system Jacobian
The crossover probability
The mutation probability
The offspring chromosome
and The chromosome of parents
The number of gene in chromosome
The random constant in [0, 1]
The power loss difference between the
without FACTS and with FACTS devices
in power system
F(b,v) The conventional power flow equations
(s) The constraint for FACTS devices
(v) The constraint for conventional power
flows
I. Introduction
Based on deregulation and privatization (a separation
of generation and transmission) of the electric power
market in addition to increasing load demand and
regarding the specific property of the product of this
industry (electricity), i.e., the impossibility of
reservation, establishment of equilibrium between
electricity production and consumption is the major
motive in design and implementation of the new
structure. At the same time, the limitation of generation,
because of the supply of electric energy does not merely
include the simple process of transmission and
distribution. However, it is very important to observe
certain considerations such as the establishment of safety,
dependability, stability, minimize losses, management of
density and many other aspects.
According to technical issue, it can be observed an
enhancement of spontaneous power exchanges since
rivalry between utilities and contracts is derived directly
among manufacturers and buyers. Therefore, it may
cause a hardship like overload if the exchanges are not
controlled. This event is named congestion, so we cannot
use all the capacity of the power system [1]. After
deregulation of electric industry, it seems that the control