DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/638 ORIGINAL ARTICLE J of Evidence Based Med & Hlthcare, pISSN- 2349-2562, eISSN- 2349-2570/ Vol. 2/Issue 31/Aug. 03, 2015 Page 4525 FREQUENCY AND DISTRIBUTION OF ABO & RH BLOOD GROUP IN BILASPUR DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH STATE: A STUDY FROM MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL Bhanu P. Singh 1 , Archana Singh 2 , Watsala Singh 3 , Anil K. Saxena 4 , Shipra Singh 5 HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Bhanu P. Singh, Archana Singh, Watsala Singh, Anil K. Saxena, Shipra Singh. ”Frequency and Distribution of ABO & RH Blood Group in Bilaspur District of Chhattisgarh State: A Study From Medical College Hospital”. Journal of Evidence based Medicine and Healthcare; Volume 2, Issue 31, August 03, 2015; Page: 4525-4529, DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/638 ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Approximate 30 blood group systems have discovered and more than 400 erythrocytes antigens are identified. Blood group ABO and Rh are most important among all other blood group systems in transfusion service practices. The frequency of four major blood groups namely A, B, O, AB with Rh Positive and Negative varies in different population of the world and differ also in region and race wise. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This 5 years retrospective study was conducted at Blood Bank of a Medical college Hospital of Bilaspur in Northern Chhattisgarh, catering the 1/3 population of state. Data were collected from the Blood Bank Grouping record from the period of January 2010 to December 2014. Blood group of blood donors and patients were determined by Monoclonal Anti Sera by slide agglutinations tests. Rare case and difficult case were examined by test tube agglutination method and Matrix Gel System of Tulip. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: 31973 subjects were examined for blood group during observation period, Out of these 31092(97.25%) were male and 881 (2.75%) were female. The frequency of blood group B in these populations was 11007 (34.42%) (33.36% Rh Positive and 1.06% Rh Negative) Followed by O were 10864 (33.97%) (33.33% Rh Positive and 0.64% Rh Negative), A was 9113 (28.50 %) (27.99 % Rh Positive and 0.51% Rh Negative) and AB was 989 (3.11%) (3.01% Rh Positive and 0.1% Rh Negative). Rhesus group Rh Positive were 31242 (97.7 %) and Rh Negative were 731 (2.3 %). KEYWORDS: Blood Group, ABO, Rhesus (Rh), FRU First referral Unit. INTRODUCTION: Blood Group plays a vital role in blood transfusion safety. People have different blood group based on the antigen present over the erythrocytes. Blood group antigens are hereditary determinate and it is important to understand genetics, inheritance pattern and disease susceptibility. 1,2 Approximate 700 erythrocytes antigens are described and organized into 30 blood group systems by International Society of Blood Transfusion of which ABO and Rh are most important in transfusion practices. 3 In 1900, Karl Landsteiner discovered the blood groups ABO and classified human blood group into A, B and O groups. A fourth blood group AB was discovered by Von Decastello & Sturli in 1902. 4 This marked the beginning of the whole subject of Blood group serology and made blood transfusion practicable. Levine and Statson described an antigen in the serum and was subsequently re-examined by Levine and Statson and was named Rh System in 1940. Blood transfusion practices have become more practicable after the discovery of Rh system. 5