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DETERMINING THE TENSILE PROPERTIES AND
DISPERSION CHARACTERIZATION OF CNTS IN EPOXY
USING TEM AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
M. Bourchak,
1*
K. A. Juhany,
1
N. Salah,
2
R. Ajaj,
3
A. Algarni,
1
and F. Scarpa
4
Keywords: carbon nanotubes, dispersion, tensile properties, sonication, transmission electron microscopy
In this work, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to assess the dispersion
quality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an epoxy matrix. Its ultimate tensile strength (UTS), engineering strain,
local strain, and the elastic tensile modulus were determined experimentally. The effect of CNT sonication
time in an ethanol medium was also evaluated. A statistical analysis using the t-test approach was employed to
clarify how the use of CNTs affects the mechanical properties of the matrix. An increase in the UTS by 10 and
7% was observed in the cases of 0.1 wt.% single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon
nanotubes (MWCNTs), respectively, but the elastic modulus increased signifcantly when using MWCNTs. A
TEM analysis indicated that the dispersion quality was proportional to the content of CNTs. It is concluded
that a CNT-reinforced epoxy matrix is highly sensitive to the amount of CNTs, which can explain the conficting
properties reported for such matrices in the literature.
1. Introduction
CNTs are some of the most widely investigated types of nanomaterials used to improve the mechanical properties
of epoxy-based matrix systems [1]. The potential of improvement of their mechanical makes these nanocomposites ideal
materials for a wide range of applications (aerospace, automotive, biomedical, etc.) [2, 3]. A large amount of research work
has been performed to study the effect of adding CNTs to an epoxy matrix on its mechanical properties. The main factor
Mechanics of Composite Materials, Vol. 56, No. 2, May, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 56, No. 2, March-April, 2020)
1
Aerospace Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA
2
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA
3
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
4
Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, BS8 1TR Bristol, UK
*Corresponding author; tel.: +966 12 6400000 Ext. 72345; e-mail: mbourchak@kau.edu.sa
0191-5665/20/5602-0215 © 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 321-336, March-April,
2020. Original article submitted March 26, 2019.
DOI 10.1007/s11029-020-09874-6