International Journal of Engineering Works ISSN-p: 2521-2419 ISSN-e: 2409-2770 Vol. 7, Issue 01, PP. 62-67, January 2020 https://www.ijew.io/ https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.20.7016267 © Authors retian all copyrights 2020 IJEW. This is an open access article distributed under the CC-BY License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Comparative Analysis of Different Storage Technologies for Energy Critical Application Alamgir Ahmad Khattak 1 , Muhammad Safdar 2 , Asad Nawaz Khan 3 , Adil Nawaz Khan 4 1,2,3 Department of Electrical Energy Systems Engineering, US Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy, University of Engineering and technology Peshawar, Pakistan 4 CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences Peshawar, Pakistan khattak.seecs@gmail.com 1 , salarsafdar@gmail.com 2 , p096409@nu.edu.pk 3 , isfmardan@gmail.com 4 Received: 17 January, Revised: 21 January, Accepted: 27 January Abstract— The scope of this research work is the analysis and study of the rechargeable batteries. During this research, battery testbeds are developed for all under study battery technologies. A few hundreds of charging, discharging experimentation has been performed under a variety of charging profiles and discharging load patterns. These observations have been critically analyzed to capture the behavior of the batteries comprehensively. These behavioral profiles of these batteries have been utilized for developing an accurate battery model. The proposed model is a hybrid model composed of Diffusion model and combined electric circuit-based model, which accounts for nonlinearities of rate capacity effect, recovery effect, capacity fading, storage runtime and open circuit voltage, current-, temperature-, dependency to transient response. This proposed model would be a great help for energy aware circuit designing, because it’s an equivalent circuit model that could be co-simulated in circuit simulation environment, like Matlab Simulink. A quantitative figure of merit for the selection of battery system for a specific microgrid application has been devised on the bases of important battery parameters. Keywords— Battery storage system, Micro-grid, Battery Model, Three stage battery charger, and constant current electronic load. I. INTRODUCTION The Conventional electrical power grid is undergoing a disruptive change as the development of smart grid is motivated by the energy crisis of the time throughout the globe [1]. The limited amount of fossil fuels availability and more precisely the fear of climate change caused by the greenhouse emissions are the agents of this development [2, 3]. It is prioritized that more Renewable Energy Sources (RES’s) must be incorporated into system. Micro-grid is a critical infra-structure to integrate Distributed Energy Sources (DES’s) for the deployment of smart gird [4, 5]. This development is around the corner and increasing of amount of research has been undergone in the last decade. The smart grid is an electric grid integrated with Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to embody a high- fidelity power-flow control having the ability heal if self, self- healing ability, ensuring a reliable and secure provision of energy [5]. Smart Grid refers to the set of technologies and infrastructure which would put intelligence in the present dump grid to transform it into a digital system which talks, listens, understand and adapt accordingly. Smart grids is demand responsive electricity system that balance out energy consumption and supply, and has the capability to integrate new Renewable Energy Sources (RES), while enabling the integration of energy storage systems and the use of electric vehicles (EV). A Micro-grid is the local version electric grid implement in a small region and enables the integration of distributed energy resources (DER) having connected with local flexible loads. The micro-grids could be operated both in grid tied and in isolated islanded mode to ensure a required level of high reliability and resilience against disturbances in grid [4]. The micro-grid is a miniature of a smart gird operating into a small premise and having integrated RES’s. ESS is an integral part of micro-grid infrastructure which enables it to improve the systems resiliency, stability and reliability. The objectives of the development of a Micro-grid are to provide clean electric energy with increased reliability and sustainability with economic considerations. Energy storage is an integral part of the Micro-grid which enables it to integrate intermittent RES’s and to operate in stand-alone mode without compromising on the reliability. Though, the core functionality of a Micro-grid is considered to be the backup for power systems, however, it provides on-site real time control of both supply and demand and manage the available storage capacity and also enables the interaction with the grid to improve resiliency. Micro-girds are evolving as a vital feature of future power systems that has been developed by different smart-grid initiatives, that can provide substantial environmental benefits by integrating and utilizing energy efficient Distributed Generation (DG) [6, 7]. Micro-grids are considered to provide a promising solution by improving the power system resiliency by integrating local sustainable resources and compensating the intermittent nature of these sources with incorporation of Electrical Energy Storage (EES) with in the systems [4, 8]. Solar PV systems, Wind Power Plants, Micro Hydro Power Plants and Fuel cell are the commonly exploited renewable energy resources and micro-grid incorporates one of them as their main source of energy supply. PV plants and Wind power depends on weather and they also