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A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE VALUE OF
MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS REPRESENTED IN AN EFL
TEXTBOOK
Ali Alsaawi
Department of English, College of Humanities & Sciences in Alghat,
Majmaah University, KSA.
ABSTRACT
Article History
Received: 15 March 2021
Revised: 11 June 2021
Accepted: 2 August 2021
Published: 9 September 2021
Keywords
Critical discourse analysis
EFL textbooks
Linguistic diversity
Multicultural awareness.
Learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in contexts with limited multinational
and transcultural backgrounds, such as Saudi Arabia, should be able to communicate
with people from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Students’ awareness
should be enriched with an understanding of the diversity among people around the
world. EFL textbooks are one of the platforms for raising students’ awareness of
cultural and linguistic differences. This study aimed to explore the cultural content of
an EFL textbook taught at an international primary school in Saudi Arabia via the
adoption of critical discourse analysis as a methodological approach. It focused on the
multicultural values represented in the EFL textbook geared toward teaching senior
primary school students. The study identified a number of values, including fostering
positive perspectives concerning old tribes and people, appreciating the lives of other
people, respecting the hard efforts made by some nations and understanding different
cultural values in different parts of the world. There is found a lack of consideration of
the cultural values of some countries in Africa, the Middle East and the Far East.
Therefore, this study implicates stakeholders in Saudi Arabia to demand their cultural
values be depicted in teaching and educational material.
Contribution/ Originality: This study is among the very few studies examining the cultural values in an EFL
textbook taught in Saudi Arabia. It highlights the imbalance in the way textbooks raise awareness of Western
cultural values rather than Eastern ones.
1. INTRODUCTION
English is increasingly becoming an international language that is not exclusively confined only to the inner
circle countries (i.e., North America, the United Kingdom and Australia). Many outer countries around the world
include English in their educational systems as a matter of necessity. This need, according to Jenkins (2006) arises
from the claim that learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) are expected to communicate with non-native
speakers of English more than with native speakers of English. Therefore, there is an urgent need for
multiculturalism to be included in EFL textbooks. The study of EFL textbooks has mainly focused on cultural
aspects related to the use of these textbooks in their context. This focus reflects awareness among researchers of the
importance of acknowledging multicultural backgrounds in EFL textbooks (see (Dinh & Sharifian, 2017;
McConachy, 2018; Su, 2016; Tajeddin & Teimournezhad, 2015; Weninger & Kiss, 2013; Wu & Pei, 2018)). The
International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies
ISSN(e): 2306-0646
ISSN(p): 2306-9910
DOI: 10.18488/journal.23.2021.103.236.246
Vol. 10, No. 3, 236-246.
© 2021 AESS Publications. All Rights Reserved.
URL: www.aessweb.com