 Corresponding author: Edobor Peter Kenneth Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. Copyright © 2021 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0. Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B virus and plasmodium co-infection profile among patients in Wukari and Environs, North East Nigeria Edobor Peter Kenneth Imarenezor * , Onolunosen Abel Abhadionmhen, Sunday Danya, Joyce Briska and Paula Paul Shinggu Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2021, 03(01), 114–123 Publication history: Received on 12 July 2021; revised on 19 August 2021; accepted on 21 August 2021 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.3.1.0120 Abstract Hepatitis B virus and plasmodium co-infection is of an increase in developing countries as a result of lack of proper diagnosis leading to increased morbidity. This study was to determine the sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Plasmodium co-infection profile among patients in Wukari and environs. Seventy (70) subjects’ with the age range of between 0 to 80 years participated and standard microbiological techniques were observed in this study. The results obtained showed 34 (48.6%) were males and 36 (51.4%) were females. Four (5.7%) participants were sero-positive for HBsAg. HBsAb, HBcAb, HBeAg and HBeAb while 66 were not detected positive. The Male with 5.9% participants were sero-positive while 5.6% of the female participants were sero-positive. 20 (28.6%) of the participants were sero- positive for malaria. This comprises of 7 males and 13 females. 20.6% of the males were sero-positive while 36.1% of the females were sero-positive. The distribution of parasitaemia by gender across the participants showed that 24 (34.3%) had plasmodium parasitaemia, out of which 9 were males and 15 were females. 26.5% of the males and 41.7% of the females had plasmodium parasitaemia. There was no co-infection of Hepatitis B virus and malaria, despite both having prevalence of 5.7% and 34.3% respectively. The research on its own has shown that in order to reduce HBV and plasmodium co-infection, mass immunization of adults and antiviral drugs should be provided for those that are infected, while HBV and plasmodium co-infections screening programs should be instituted in all levels of institutions in the country to reduce the prevalence rate and level of transmission of the hepatitis virus. This study also has added to the puddle of knowledge already available in this area of research. Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus; Patients; Plasmodium; Wukari, Sero-prevalence 1. Introduction The oldest evidence of hepatitis B infection dates to Bronze Age [1]. The evidence was obtained from 4,500-year-old human remains by shotgun sequencing of the viral genomes [1]. [1], has described it as the oldest ever recovered from vertebrate samples. The divergence of orthohepadnavirus and avihepadnavirus occurred about 125,000 years ago and both the Avihepadnavirus and Orthohepadna viruses began to diversify about 25,000 years ago [2]. The branching at this time led to the emergence of the Orthohepadna genotypes A–H. Human strains have a most recent common ancestor dating back to 7,000 to 10,000 years ago. A second estimate of the origin of this virus suggests a most recent common ancestor of the human strains evolved around 1500 years ago [3]. The most recent common ancestor of the avian strains was placed at 6000 years ago. The mutation rate was estimated to be approximately 10 −6 substitutions/site/year. Another analysis with a larger data set suggests that Hepatitis B infected humans 33,600 years ago [4]. Examination of sequences in the zebra finch have pushed the origin of this genus back at least to 40 million