Research Article
Methicillin-andInducibleClindamycin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus among Patients with Wound Infection Attending Arba
Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia
Mohammedaman Mama ,
1
Addis Aklilu,
2
Kassahun Misgna,
3
Molla Tadesse,
4
and Eyerusalem Alemayehu
5
1
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia
2
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
3
Black Lion Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4
Kebridehar Primary Hospital, Ethio-Somale, Ethiopia
5
Arba Minch Hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Correspondence should be addressed to Mohammedaman Mama; muheekoo@gmail.com
Received 5 December 2018; Accepted 11 March 2019; Published 1 April 2019
Academic Editor: Barbara H. Iglewski
Copyright © 2019 Mohammedaman Mama et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis
properly cited.
Background. Wound infection is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Different bacteria cause infection, of
which Staphylococcus aureus isoneoftheknownbacteriaincausinginfectionwithincreaseddrug-resistantisolates. Objective. To
assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin and inducible clindamycin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus amongpatientswithwoundinfectionsattendingArbaMinchHospital. Methods.Afacility-basedcross-sectionalstudywas
conducted from April to June 2017. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and clinical characteristics.
Wound swabs were cultured and identified by standard techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the
Kirby–Bauerdiscdiffusionmethod.Methicillinresistancewasdetectedusingthecefoxitin(30 μg)antibioticdiscwhileinducible
clindamycinresistancewasdetectedbytheD-zonetest.edatawereanalyzedusingStatisticalPackageforSocialScience,version
20. p value <0.05wasconsideredstatisticallysignificant. Results.Atotalof161patientswereenrolledandamajorityofthemwere
female(90,50.9%).Amongthecollectedsamples,79(49.7%)werepositivefor S. aureus;ofthis,methicillinresistanceaccounted
for 65 (82.3%). Out of 22 (27.8%) erythromycin-resistant isolates, 19 (24.1%) showed inducible clindamycin resistance.
Methicillin-resistant S.aureus showedhigherresistanceagainsttetracycline(72.3%)followedbycotrimoxazole(43.1%)and100%
sensitivitytovancomycin.eoverallprevalenceofinducibleclindamycinresistanceamongmethicillin-resistantisolateswas16
(24.6%). Conclusion. e increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the coresistance against other therapeutic
options like clindamycin is becoming an obstacle in the treatment of infections which need attention from concerned bodies.
1. Introduction
Wound infection is one of the known hospital-acquired
infections responsible for significant human mortality and
morbidity worldwide [1]. Wound infection results in sepsis,
disfiguring, amputation, limb loss, long hospital stays, and
higher costs [2, 3]. Infections of wounds can be caused by
different microorganisms, like Staphylococcus aureus (S.
aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escher-
ichia coli (E. coli), and Enterococcus [4, 5]. Staphylococcus
aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium which is a major
causative agent of different skin infections such as surgical
site infections, burns, and wounds [6, 7].
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a highly in-
fectious strain of the ordinary S. aureus bacteria that is able
to withstand the curative ability of commonly used anti-
biotics. Methicillin resistance of S. aureus is due to the
acquisitionofmecAgenethatencodesforpenicillin-binding
protein2a,whichhaslowaffinitytomethicillin.Methicillin-
resistant S. aureus is a serious concern not only because of
Hindawi
International Journal of Microbiology
Volume 2019, Article ID 2965490, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2965490