Research Article
On the Controllability of Conformable Fractional Deterministic
Control Systems in Finite Dimensional Spaces
Maher Jneid
1
and Muath Awadalla
2
1
Departement of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, eirut Arab University, eirut, Lebanon
2
Departement of Mathematics and Statistics, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa, Hufuf, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to Maher Jneid; m.jneid@bau.edu.lb
Received 7 October 2019; Accepted 23 December 2019; Published 10 March 2020
Academic Editor: Attila Gil´ anyi
Copyright © 2020 Maher Jneid and Muath Awadalla. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
AttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkis
properly cited.
In this paper, we establish a set of convenient conditions of controllability for semilinear fractional finite dimensional control
systemsinvolvingconformablefractionalderivative.Indeed,sufficientconditionsofcontrollabilityforasemilinearconformable
fractionalsystemarepresented,assumingthatthecorrespondinglinearsystemsarecontrollable.epresentmethodisbasedon
conformablefractionalexponentialmatrix,Gramianmatrix,andtheiterativetechnique.Twoillustratedexamplesarecarriedout
to establish the facility and efficiency of this technique.
1.Introduction
Controllability concepts have played a substantial role in
several fields in engineering, control theory, and applied
mathematics.In1960,thecontrollabilitywasfirstdefinedby
Kalman [1] as a property of shifting the systems from any
initialstatevalueintoanystatevalueataterminaltime.is
definition was divided into two notions: an exact and an
approximatecontrollabilitywhichbecomemoresuitablefor
dealing with control systems in infinite dimensional spaces.
e purpose of those notions is the existence of control
systems which are approximately controllable, but are not
exact (see [2]). In fact, the term exact controllability would
refer to as a controllability which is the same as defined by
Kalman. However, the definition of approximate control-
lability is determined by transferring the systems from any
initial state value into some small neighbourhood of any
point at terminal time in the state space. Later on, many
researchers conducted pioneering studies in an attempt to
obtain proper controllability conditions (exact and ap-
proximate)forthelinearandnonlinearcontrolsystems(see,
for example, [3–8] and the references cited therein).
Manyproblemsintherealworldcanbemodelledpurely
byfractionaldifferentialequations(formoredetails,referto
[9, 10]). is new calculus has pointedly attracted the
mathematicians to focus clearly on revealing better results.
e concept of controllability was extended to fractional
control systems by various investigators. For instance,
Sakthiveletal.[11]utilizedfixedpointapproachtoprovethe
controllability of nonlinear fractional systems. Vijayakumar
et al. [12] obtained the controllability conditions for frac-
tional integrodifferential neutral control systems with
nonlocal conditions. Ma and Liu [13] employed analytic
methodsandresolventoperatortoinvestigatecontrollability
conditions and continuous dependence of a fractional
neutral integrodifferential equation involving state-depen-
dent delay. Jneid [14] derived sufficient conditions of ap-
proximate controllability for semilinear integrodifferential
systems of fractional order with nonlocal conditions by
using compact semigroup operator and Schauder fixed-
point theorem. Sakthivel et al. [15] studied the approximate
controllability conditions for nonlinear fractional stochastic
differential inclusions, providing that the corresponding
linearpartisapproximatelycontrollable.Chokkalingamand
Baleanu [16] obtained a set of sufficient conditions for
controllability for fractional functional integrodifferential
systems involving the Caputo fractional derivative of order
α ∈ (0, 1] in Banach spaces.
Hindawi
International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
Volume 2020, Article ID 9026973, 7 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9026973