Pergamon
0277-5387(94) 00399-8
Polyhedron Vol. 14, No. 10, pp. 1327-1332, 1995
Copyright © 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd
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SYNTHESIS, COORDINATION AND REDOX PROPERTIES
OF A NOVEL TETRATHIAFULVALENE TETRA(BENZO-
15-CROWN-5)ETHER LIGAND
PAUL D. BEER,* JONATHAN P. DANKS and DUSAN HESEK
Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road,
Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
(Received 23 September 1994; accepted 29 September 1994)
Abstraet--A new tetrathiafulvalene tetra(benzo-15-crown-5)ether ligand (4) has been pre-
pared and polymetallic alkali metal complexes of 4.4Na ÷ and 4.2K ÷ stoichiometries
isolated. Relatively small anodic perturbations of the redox-active ligand's redox couples
were observed in the presence of either alkali metal cation.
The design of new chemical sensors 1'2 and redox
switchable ligands3 has led in recent years to the
syntheses of a variety of organometallic and tran-
sition metal coordinated redox-active macrocyclic
receptor molecules, which have been shown to elec-
trochemically recognize, in some cases selectively,
cationic and anionic guests in polar solvents includ-
ing water. 4'5 The tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moiety is
an attractive organic redox centre to incorporate or
append to various macrocyclic host cavities, and
indeed Otsubo and Ogura 6 and Becher et aL7 have
recently prepared some TTF--crown ether deriva-
tives. We report here the synthesis, coordination
and electrochemical properties of a novel TTF-
tetra(benzo-15-crown-5)ether ligand including the
isolation of polymetallic complexes of sodium and
potassium cations.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Synthesis
TTF (1) was treated with just over four equi-
valents of lithium diisopropylamide at -78°C in
dry tetrahydrofuran to give the tetralithium salt
(2). 8 Reaction of 2 with the disulphide of benzo-
l 5-crown-5 (3) 9 gave the new TTF-tetra(benzo-15-
crown-5)ether ligand (4) as a yellow solid in 41%
yield (Scheme 1). IH and 13C NMR spectroscopy,
fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry
(FABMS) and elemental analysis characterized the
new redox-active ligand's proposed structure (see
Experimental section).
Coordination studies
Refluxing 4 with acetonitrile solutions of excess
amounts of sodium and potassium hexa-
fluorophosphate salts led to the isolation of the
respective alkali metal complexes as red solids in
quantitative yields. The elemental analysis of the
sodium complex (Table 1) indicated a 4Na+: 4
stoichiometry in which one sodium cation is com-
plexed within each of the benzo crown ether moi-
eties (Fig. 1). With potassium the elemental analysis
(Table 1) suggested 2K ÷ : 4 stoichiometry and the
FABMS spectrum of the complex revealed a
molecular ion at m/z = 1620, corresponding to
Table 1. Elemental analyses for sodium and potassium
complexes of 4
Analysis a (%)
Complex C H
[4" Na4] (PF6)4 35.9 3.9
(36.0) (3.7)
[4" K21 (PF6)z 42.7 4.6
(42.2) (4.3)
*Author to whomcorrespondenceshould be addressed, aCalculated values in parentheses.
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