Session S1E
0-7803-8552-7/04/$20.00 © 2004 IEEE October 20 – 23, 2004, Savannah, GA
34
th
ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
S1E-22
Work in Progress – Ethics Integrated
Into Engineering Courses
David A. Rogers
1
and Paulo F. Ribeiro
2
1
David A. Rogers, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, David.Rogers@ndsu.nodak.edu.
2
Paulo F. Ribeiro, Dept. of Engineering, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI 49456, pribeiro@calvin.edu.
Abstract - The very nature of engineering implies a
commitment to ethics. Ethics education can occur in a
wide variety of engineering courses. Beginning with first-
year courses and continuing through the curriculum,
students are taught to sort through the facts and
constraints of engineering projects and search for
solutions that best serve the user. Many students
experience a philosophical, historical, and professional
approach to the general topic of engineering ethics and
social responsibility by taking a formal course in
engineering ethics. Professional ethics can be integrated
into course or capstone projects. In graduate courses,
students receive explicit instruction in research ethics.
The graduate who has been through a variety of ethics
education experiences will be in a better position to leave
the university and accept the very serious demands of the
vocation.
Index Terms – Curriculum, Engineering ethics, Research
ethics, Social responsibility.
INTRODUCTION
The very nature of engineering analysis and design implies a
commitment to truth, which involves finding the best or
optimal solutions for the customer. Teachers of engineering
ethics often deal with questions about the fundamental
philosophical underpinnings of moral decisions. Ethical
standards are rooted in human understanding of the meaning
of life. In Abolition of Man [1], C. S. Lewis advocates the
existence of an objective moral code that transcends time and
culture. Those who are part of historic religious communities
believe that ethics is rooted in a moral code that is discernible
in human experience and consistent with and enlightened by
religious experience. There are dangers inherent in denying
the validity or possibility of objective moral judgments. For
example, without the concept of objective truth and a moral
code there is no firm basis for the constraints on what social
and political and cultural elites might do to control and
reshape society. The engineer’s code of ethics would be
rooted only in what contemporary society permits. Moral
decisions could be the objects of legal or political power
struggles. In a public institution supported by a pluralistic
society, the instructor can appeal to the common human
experience of behaviors that promote the common good in a
civilized society. In a private institution engineering ethics
can be rooted in the concept of objective truth and the moral
code that is commonly shared by the community that the
institution serves.
The engineering profession in the United States has
focused on ethics since its legal foundation [2]. Those
committed to the idea of engineering as a profession have long
emphasized the responsibility the engineer has to the public
[2]-[3]. Reflection on the range of professional ethics
instruction that occurs both implicitly and explicitly in the
educational experience of engineering students leads to a
positive appraisal of this activity.
ETHICS IN THE CURRICULUM
The importance of ethical performance of the profession can
be studied in any engineering classroom. For example, in
laboratory courses students learn respect for honest data
collection and interpretation. In course projects, students
work under constraints and responsibilities that closely model
the demands that they will face after graduation. At North
Dakota State University (NDSU), ethics education segments
have been created for use in the “Impact of Technology on
Society” (ENGR 312) and in “Advanced Research Methods in
Engineering” (ENGR 789). Ethics and social responsibility is
a principal concern of ENGR 312. Following Barbour [3], a
broad foundation for practicing engineering in a way that is
consistent with global environmental and human problems is
approached from a historical and philosophical perspective.
ENGR 789 is devoted to developing the research capabilities
of the Ph.D. student. The instructor introduces the students to
institutional expectations in the areas of academic integrity
and research ethics. Students experience a philosophical,
historical, and professional approach to the general study of
engineering ethics by taking ENGR 402 (“Engineering Ethics
and Social Responsibility”) during their career at NDSU.
Throughout their studies students learn from engineering
faculty the importance of performing that profession at the
highest possible level of service to society.
Engineering ethics is rooted in a commitment to the truths
of science and their use to improve life in this world. To
paraphrase Steve Covey [4], the focus of the ethical practice
of engineering should be the practice of engineering in an
environment of trust and competence by engineers who know
the limits of their competence and are trustworthy in the use of