Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(7) May 2014, Pages: 386-395
AENSI Journals
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
ISSN:1991-8178
Journal home page: www.ajbasweb.com
Corresponding Author: Ramle Abdullah Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
(UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Tel: +6019-9345586
E-mail: ramle@unisza@yahoo.com
Forest Significant and Conservation among the Semaq Beri Tribe of Orang Asli in
Terengganu State, Malaysia
1
Ramle Abdullah,
2
Greg Acciaioli,
3
Nur Hafizah Ramle &
4
Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat
1
Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu, Malaysia.
2
School of Social Science, The University of Western Australia (M257), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009,
Australia.
3
Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Bachok Campus, 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
4
Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), Jeli Campus, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received 2 February 2014
Received in revised form
8 April 2014
Accepted 28 April 2014
Available online 25 May 2014
Keywords:
Orang Asli; forest significant; forest
conservation; forest exploitation and
forest sustainability
Background: The Orang Asli are an indigenous ethnic group found in peninsular
Malaysia. It is estimated that more than 60% of them reside within outskirt and rural
areas. These types of settlement areas are commonly synonymous with forest
environments. The Semaq Beri tribe in Terengganu state are one of such
aforementioned communities living in such environments. Their lives are largely
dependent on the forests as a source of sustenance and livelihood. In other words, their
lives are closely linked with forests or the biodiversity associated to it. Objective: A
study had been conducted to fathom the thoughts of the Semaq Beri tribe regarding the
forests based on the following questions; (i) What is the status of the forest and what
are their perspectives on it, (ii) How significant are the forests in the daily lives of
community members, and (iii) What is the attitude towards ensuring the sustainability
of the forest. The study data were gathered through observation techniques,
participation observation as well as interviews. Results: The study results showed that
the Semaq Beri tribe possess their own distinctive thoughts on the forest environment
and life. Among others, the forest or biodiversity is believed to be a gift from the
supernatural powers and is alive, similar to humans. The forests were created by the
supernatural powers for the benefit and harmony of human life, namely to provide
necessities such as sustenance, livelihood, medicine as well as other various resources.
Conclusion: Based on this status, the forest is often likened similar to a ‘bank’, an
institution were individuals store their wealth, and which this wealth can be withdrawn
whenever necessary. Based on such a perception also leads to the Semaq Beri tribe’s
approach in ways of exploiting, conserving and safeguarding the sustainability of the
forest so that its benefits will not only be enjoyed by the current generation, but also for
generations to come.
© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.
To Cite This Article: Ramle Abdullah, Greg Acciaioli, Nur Hafizah Ramle & Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat., Forest Significant and
Conservation among the Semaq Beri Tribe of Orang Asli in Terengganu State, Malaysia. Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci., 8(7): 386-395, 2014
INTRODUCTION
To date, Terengganu State has 980 Orang Asli residents distributed in three different villages
1
, namely
Kampung Sungai Pergam in Kemaman, Kampung Sungai Berua in Hulu Terengganu and Kampung Sungai
Sayap in Besut. The location of each village is shown in Figure 1. They consist of the Semaq Beri and Batek
tribes. Approximately 704 individuals or 96% of them are from the Semaq Beri tribe residing in Kampung
Sungai Pergam and Kampung Sungai Berua (JAKOA, 2011). Ethnographers classify the Semaq Beri as one of
the tribes from the Senoi
2
group. The word ‘Semaq’ and ‘Beri’ are two seperate words. In Malay ‘Semaq’ is
derived as ‘People’ while ‘Beri’ defines as ‘Jungle’; therefore Semaq Beri translates as ‘Jungle People’. Such
description had been highlighted by Endicott (1975) in his writing titled ` A Brief Report on the Semaq Beri of
Pahang’. In it, Endicott defined the Semaq Beri as ’Jungle People’ which translates as ‘Orang Hutan’
3
in the
Malay language.
The lifestyle scenario of the Semaq Beri tribe in Terengganu state are similar to other Orang Asli
communities of other states throughout Malaysia. Their traditional lifestyles are directly associated with the
forests which act as the surrounding background of their settlements (Lye, 2002; Hood, 1993). Forests form the
basis of their economic activities in obtaining food supplies, livelihood as well as a source of daily necessities.