Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Protocol with Euclidean Effect in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Muhammad Hisyam Lee 1 , Stephan Olariu 2 , Shaharuddin Salleh 1 , and Sahrorn Sanugi 3 1Dept. of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 <;kudai, Iohor. Phone: (607) 557·6160 and Fax: (I' 556·6162 2Dept. of Computer Science, Old Dominion Universiti. Norfolk, VA 23529, Virginia. Phone: (757) 683-3915 and Fax: (757) 683-4900 3Research Management Centre, Univllrsiti Teknologi Malaysia. 81310 Sl<udai, Iohor. Phone: (607) 556-0361 and Fax: (607) 556-6177 E-mail: (hisyarn.ss}@fs.utm.my.bahrom@rmc.utm.my. and olariu@cs.odu.edu Abstract- Node mobility in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) can cause frequent topology changes. therefore finding and maintaining the route(s) in such an environment is a challenging problem. [n recent years, numerous ad hoc routing protocols have been proposed. This paper investigates the routing problem in a MANET by utilizing Eu- clidean effect to improve performance of routing protocols for MANETs. By using Euclidean in- formation the proposed Euclidean Effect Routing (EER) protocols minimize disruptions of mobile multimedia when the network topology changes. One important feature of our protocol is the in- termediate nodes of a route can perform rerout- ing before a path becomes invalid similar to that in well-studied cellular networks when it roams away to keep a route alive. This makes routes in the MANET more stable and insensitive to node mo- bility. We present an protocol based on the EER to choose the route that best meets the strict require- ments of multimedia applications. 1 Introduction A mobile ad hoc network (MAJ."lET, for short) con- sists of a number of mobile nodes which may occa- sionally communication with each other. No base sta- E-45 tion is needed in the network and it operates without the aid of any fix.ed network infrastructure or central- ized administration. The network is dynamically self- organizing and self-configuring. As node mobility can cause frequent topology changes, therefore finding and maintaining the route(s) in such an environment is a challenging problem. In such situation, ad hoc rout- ing is critical and has to be iron out the details of the routing before any applications can be deployed for MANETs. The applications of MANETs range from military operations (communication in a hostile environment) to civilian operations (e.g., communication in collab- orative and distributed computing). rescue operations (rapid deployment of a communication network where infrastructures do not ex.ist or have been damaged such as flood, earthquake, and fire), and sporadic happening coverage (intense utilization of a communication net- work for a very limited time). In this paper, we suggest an approach to minimize disruptions of mobile multimedia when the network topology changes. We demonstrate how Euclidean in- formation may be used by means of Euclidean Effect Routing (EER) protocol for rerouting before a path be- comes invalid. The EER protocol use Euclidean dis- tance to improve quality of service routing in ad hoc networks.