Food Chemistry 39 (1991) 249-256
Application of a New, Simple and Economic Colorimetric
Method for the Determination of Non-esterified Fatty
Acids in Vegetable Oils
Peter Walde & Claudio Nastruzzi
Institut fiir Polymere, Eidgen6ssischeTechnische Hochschule,
Universit~itstrasse 6, CH-8092 Ziirich, Switzerland
(Received 2 February 1990; accepted 23 April 1990)
ABSTRACT
The amount of non-esterified fatty acids in eight different vegetable oil
samples has been determined by two different methods: (a) with a standard
titration procedure, and (b) with a new colorimetric method which utilizes
phenol red solubilized in reverse micelles. The results obtained by the two
methods are in good agreement, although the standard deviation in the case of
the phenol red method is significantly higher compared with the conventional
titration. The main advantage of the new colorimetric method is an economic
one: only small amounts of oil samples (less than 0"1 ml ) are required and a
comparably small amount of organic solvent (less than 5 ml isooctane ) is
needed.
INTRODUCTION
The content of free (non-esterified) fatty acids in vegetable oils is usually
determined by titration with standard alkali by using, for each measure-
ment, 10 g oil in 50 ml of a solvent consisting of equal volumes of ethanol and
diethyl ether (Gunstone et al., 1986).
Recently, a new colorimetric titration method for the determination of the
concentration of non-esterified fatty acids in vegetable oils has been
described (Walde, 1990). This method uses reverse micellar solutions and
takes advantage of their optical transparency and of their solubilization
capacity for water-insoluble as well as for water-soluble compounds.
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Food Chemistry 0308-8146/90/$03"50 © 1990 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, England,
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