Genome Sequences of Nine Erwinia amylovora Bacteriophages
Ruchira Sharma,
a
Jordan A. Berg,
a
Nolan J. Beatty,
a
Minsey C. Choi,
a
Ashlin E. Cowger,
a
Brooke J. R. Cozzens,
a
Steven G. Duncan,
a
Christopher P. Fajardo,
a
Hannah P. Ferguson,
a
Trevon Galbraith,
a
Jacob A. Herring,
a
Taalin R. Hoj,
a
Jill L. Durrant,
a
Jonathan R. Hyde,
a
Garrett L. Jensen,
a
Si Yang Ke,
a
Shalee Killpack,
a
Jared L. Kruger,
a
Eliza E. K. Lawrence,
a
Ifeanyichukwu O. Nwosu,
a
Tsz Ching Tam,
a
Daniel W. Thompson,
a
Josie A. Tueller,
a
Megan E. H. Ward,
a
Charles J. Webb,
a
†
Madison E. Wood,
a
Edward L. Yeates,
a
David A. Baltrus,
b
Donald P. Breakwell,
a
Sandra Hope,
a
Julianne H. Grose
a
a
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
b
School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tempe, Arizona, USA
ABSTRACT Erwinia amylovora is a plant pathogen belonging to the Enterobacteri-
aceae family, a family containing many plant and animal pathogens. Herein, we an-
nounce nine genome sequences of E. amylovora bacteriophages isolated from in-
fected apple trees along the Wasatch Front in Utah.
A
t an estimated total number of 10
31
, phages are by far the most abundant
biological entity on the planet (1–7). They dramatically influence the evolution of
bacteria by their ability to infect and kill their hosts and to transfer genetic material.
Erwinia amylovora is a rod-shaped facultative anaerobic member of the Enterobacteri-
aceae bacterial family, which includes many well-characterized Gram-negative plant
and animal pathogens, such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella spp. As
the causative agent of fire blight, Erwinia amylovora infects members of the Rosaceae
plant family, causing diseased areas to appear burnt (8–10). The isolation and charac-
terization of phages that infect E. amylovora may aid in our understanding of these
bacteria and provide potential treatment for this devastating agricultural disease.
Herein, we announce the genome sequences of nine E. amylovora bacteriophages,
vB_EamM_Asesino, vB_EamM_Alexandra, vB_EamM_Bosolaphorus, vB_EamM_Desert-
fox, vB_EamM_MadMel, vB_EamM_Mortimer, vB_EamP_Pavtok, vB_EamM_SunLIRen,
and vB_EamM_Wellington.
Phages were isolated from apple trees along the Wasatch Front in Utah that
appeared to harbor fire blight infection. Phages were plaque purified through a
minimum of three passages after amplification via enrichment culture (11). All nine
phages reported in this announcement infect the Erwinia amylovora ATCC 29780 strain,
as indicated by plaque assays, and their characteristics are summarized in Table 1.
Genomic DNA was extracted (Phage DNA isolation kit; Norgen Biotek), a library was
made using the Illumina TruSeq DNA Nano kit, and sample genomes were sequenced
by Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing (250-bp paired end) and assembled with Geneious
(12) version 8.1 using de novo assembly with medium-low sensitivity and various
percentages of data. All phages circularized upon assembly and were annotated using
DNA Master (http://cobamide2.bio.pitt.edu/computer.htm), giving preference for calls
that gave full coding potential coverage.
The nine phages were grouped into five distinct clusters by genomic dot plot and
average nucleotide identity analyses, as previously described (11), with the first three
groups containing jumbo Myoviridae. The first jumbo group included four myoviruses,
vB_EamM_Bosolaphorus, vB_EamM_Desertfox, vB_EamM_MadMel, and vB_EamM_
Mortimer, which are similar to previously published Erwinia phage Ea35-70 (13), as well
as other phages we have isolated (14). The second group included two jumbo myovi-
ruses, vB_EamM_Asesino and vB_EamM_Wellington, with similarity to the well-
characterized Salmonella SPN3US phage (15) and related phages. The third is a single
Received 18 August 2018 Accepted 12
September 2018 Published 11 October 2018
Citation Sharma R, Berg JA, Beatty NJ, Choi MC,
Cowger AE, Cozzens BJR, Duncan SG, Fajardo
CP, Ferguson HP, Galbraith T, Herring JA, Hoj
TR, Durrant JL, Hyde JR, Jensen GL, Ke SY,
Killpack S, Kruger JL, Lawrence EEK, Nwosu IO,
Tam TC, Thompson DW, Tueller JA, Ward MEH,
Webb CJ, Wood ME, Yeates EL, Baltrus DA,
Breakwell DP, Hope S, Grose JH. 2018. Genome
sequences of nine Erwinia amylovora
bacteriophages. Microbiol Resour Announc
7:e00944-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA
.00944-18.
Editor J. Cameron Thrash, Louisiana State
University
Copyright © 2018 Sharma et al. This is an
open-access article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International license.
Address correspondence to Julianne H. Grose,
grosejulianne@gmail.com.
† Deceased. Charles J. Webb did not see or
approve the final version of this paper.
GENOME SEQUENCES
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