Copyright © The Author(s) 2021
Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran, Vol. 4, No. 1, April 2021
https://e-journal.my.id/jsgp/article/view/459
24
Oral Placement Test as The Indicator of Bilingual Students’
Speaking Skills
Hanifah Hifni
1
, Nida Husna
2
, Didin Nuruddin Hidayat
3*
1, 2, 3,
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
hani.hifni@gmail.com
1
, nida.husna@uinjkt.ac.id
2
, didin.nuruddin@uinjkt.ac.id
3*
Abstract
This study investigates whether there is a significant relationship between the speaking
ability of students in bilingual classes and their daily conversation performance, as
reported in the oral placement test. The researchers analysed the relationship between the
placement test scores and the speaking performance of 146 first-year bilingual students
attending an Islamic Junior High School. An oral interview was applied to determine their
speaking ability on the placement test and was conducted again to test their speaking
ability at the end of the semester. Pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, comprehension,
and fluency were the scoring criteria for assessing the oral interview to indicate the
learners’ English performance in speaking and their oral abiliti es. Each student is tested
individually in more or less than ten minutes. A Pearson product-moment correlation
coefficient was applied to determine the strength of the correlation between the oral
placement test and those from the oral interview at the end of the semester. The data
indicated that the results of the oral placement test when the students are still considered
first-year students are still the same with their speaking at the end of the term; therefore,
there is no significance and changes. These results turned out to be affected by the
students’ learning style at the previous school, background knowledge, and the teacher’s
teaching methods.
Keywords: billingual class, language test oral interview, placement test, speaking test
Introduction
For decades, public institutions have used placement exams to determine whether
incoming students were prepared or not. When students have finished their studies, they need
to continue to the next level of an academic institution. To have a place and being accepted
into a particular level or school, one needs to take a placement test. However, emerging
information reveals that the test has little correlation to students’ future success in society,
casting doubt on their use and achievement. One of the prominent disadvantages of the use of
placement tests was shown on Shimizu's (2002) study, which showed that placement tests
can affect the psychological impact on lower-level students. The results of the placement test
can express the sense of inferiority and diminish their motivation to learn, as the respondents
know their level (Shimizu, 2002). The idea of the test could explicitly prevent the students’ real
progress, and knowledge is giving them to think twice (Burdman, 2012). Some of them are
rethinking whether the tests are fair to students and wondering if their traditional use
produces an actual barrier to complete institution application.
Some studies argued that test scores from placement tests are interpreted based on the
purpose and context, in this case, whether the students ready for developmental education
rather than producing a predictive relationship between their previous scores and grades. The
potential to develop students’ outcomes has intrigued many writers in recent research studies.