A Robust 130nm-CMOS Built-In Current Sensor
Dedicated to RF Applications
M. Cimino, H. Lapuyade, M. De Matos, T. Taris, Y. Deval, JB. Bégueret
IXL laboratory, Bordeaux, France
cimino@ixl.fr
Abstract
An otherwise well-known ratiometric Built-In
Current Sensor (BICS) dedicated to monitor the
current of analog and mixed-signal building blocks
highlights a dependency with regards to technology
discrepancy. In this paper we present a design
methodology that allows to dramatically reduce the
dependency, yielding to a new version of this BICS.
Taking advantage of a 130 nm VLSI CMOS
technology, the BICS proposed has a peak-to-peak
dispersion lower than 10 % of its output full-scale
range. It makes it more suitable to implement the test
functionality while maintaining the initial BICS
intrinsic performances. The built-in self test
methodology is illustrated by monitoring the supply
current of a Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA).
Measurements confirm the BICS’s low sensitivity to
process variations and its transparency relative to the
circuit under test (CUT).
Index Terms— Design for testability - Built-In
current sensor - Analog and mixed-signal integrated
circuits - CMOS technology - Robustness.
1 Introduction
INCE the first demonstration of the interest of
monitoring the current consumption of integrated
circuits as a matter of testing [1], a lot of papers
have been published on the topic and the technique has
been extended to the test of analog and mixed-signal
circuit [2, 3]. Concerning the latter an essential
advantage is associated to the use of a Built-In Current
Sensor (BICS) as it allows for free on-line testing.
Nevertheless, such a BICS has to be transparent as
analog circuits performances are strongly related to the
stability of the voltage biasing. The first transparent
sensor has originally been proposed by Maidon et al.
[3] and its principle has even proved itself to be
efficient in mass production test [4].
The Maidon’s BICS is based upon a sharp use of the
parasitic resistor attached to the IC interconnection
layers [5, 6]. The most advanced version of this sensor
[7] takes advantage of a ratiometric measurement of
the current, which allows a linear transfer function
whatever the technology dispersion. On the other hand,
in this version the absolute value of the transfer
function was still strongly related to technology
discrepancies, which makes its use in an industrial test
procedure quite uneasy.
In this paper, we propose a new version of the
ratiometric Maidon’s BICS. This version has been
specifically designed to be robust in term of
dispersions of the absolute transfer function. In
addition, the circuit is developed under low voltage
constraint induced by the use of a 130nm VLSI CMOS
technology which is limited to a 1.2V power supply. A
BIST methodology for a LNA is then depicted in order
to give an illustration of RF circuit testing.
2 The Maidon’s BICS Principle
2.1 The initial ratiometric BICS
The ratiometric Maidon’s BICS was first designed to
operate under a 3.3V power supply [7], as the CMOS
technology used to implement the circuit was a 0.6μm
one. Nowadays, though, deep submicron technologies
are available which imposes much lower voltage
supply as a consequence of their reduced dimensions.
Therefore, the original circuit is not suitable anymore,
and the PMOS cascode mirror stage has to be replaced
by a classical one, yielding to the topology depicted in
Fig. 1. in which an additional current control input,
named I
pol
has also been added in a matter of
controlling the overall BICS current consumption. The
parasitic metal layer resistors of the initial design have
been replaced by simple integrated resistors as they
present a low area and a robust design.
This topology is able to deal with as low as 1.2V a
power supply, as mandated by the 130nm VLSI CMOS
technology we are designing the BICS for in this
paper.
S
Proceedings of the Eleventh IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS’06)
0-7695-2566-0/06 $20.00 © 2006 IEEE