New Zealand Geographer (2007) 63, 202– 215 10.1111/j.1745-7939.2007.00109.x
© 2007 The Authors
Journal compilation © 2007 The New Zealand Geographical Society Inc. Published by Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
Blackwell Publishing Asia Original Articles Sporting narratives and globalization
Original Article
Sporting narratives and globalization: Making
links between the All Black tours of 1905 and 2005
Nicolas Lewis and Gordon Winder
School of Geography, Geology and Environmental Science, The University of
Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Abstract: In this paper, we use commodity chain ideas to compare the All Blacks rugby
tour of Great Britain and Ireland in 2005 with the formative 1905 tour, and to relate their
cultural economy to their political economy. We argue that ‘globalization’ has become
imagined and institutionalized in new ways that more thoroughly exploit rugby’s production
values. We highlight the value-adding potential of a 100-year-old tension between a colonial/
imperial and a national identity. Our point is that fresh insights can be drawn from bringing
cultural economy sensitivities to political economy approaches and concerns with identity
and consumption to those of value and production.
Key words : brand, commodity chain, economic geography, identity, power, rugby.
From famed captain Dave Gallaher who led
the All Blacks to victory in 1905 and later
died on the battlefields of World War I, to
the traditional Maori dance, the haka, the
All Blacks have shrewdly fashioned their
history, tradition and verve into a very
powerful brand. (Rusch 2001).
Robin Rusch, editor of online magazine
Brandchannel.com, suggests that, sponsored
by global giants, winning over three-quarters
of their games and widely feared for over a
century, the All Blacks are one of the ‘most
distinctive international brands in sport’. In
2005, the landmark 1905 All Black tour of
Great Britain and Ireland was commemorated
by a centenary tour and a rash of books
(Howitt & Haworth 2005; McCrystal 2005;
Ryan 2005a; Stead 2005; Tobin 2005). At first
glance, the contrast between the two tours
appears dramatic. The 2005 version was dom-
inated by increased revenue flows, new and
different institutions, and new actors working
to extract symbolic and economic values from
the tour. However, the defining cultural products
of the 2005 Tour already featured in 1905,
when the first tour of a team labelled the ‘All
Blacks’ (now known as ‘The Originals’), was
in many ways just as commercialized.
As economic geography continues to debate
how to accommodate a ‘cultural turn’ (Peck
2004; Amin & Thrift 2005; Harvey 2006),
cultural products like sport are attracting the
attention they have too often lacked (with of
course notable exceptions – see Bale 2003). This
paper directs attention to rugby by comparing
the rugby commodity chains through which
the 1905 and 2005 tours were produced. The
two tours created multiple economic and cultural
values, from entertainment to identity-forming
moments of high drama, lasting memories and
legendary figures, economic multiplier effects
and opportunities to attach value to other
products. In 2005, presentations of the All
Blacks in advertising campaigns as products
(shrink)-wrapped in body-hugging black, symbols
Note about the authors: Nick Lewis is a lecturer in political and economic geography at The University of Auckland.
He has met All Blacks in shopping malls but has been no closer to a rugby field than Row M since he left school.
Gordon Winder is a Senior Lecturer at The University of Auckland and, despite spending his first 20 years in Auckland,
played rugby only once.
E-mail: n.lewis@auckland.ac.nz