Research Article
Biofabrication of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle from Ochradenus
baccatus Leaves: Broad-Spectrum Antibiofilm Activity, Protein
Binding Studies, and In Vivo Toxicity and Stress Studies
Nasser A. Al-Shabib ,
1
Fohad Mabood Husain ,
1
Iftekhar Hassan,
2
Mohd Shahnawaz Khan,
3
Faheem Ahmed ,
4
Faizan Abul Qais,
5
Mohammad Oves ,
6
Mashihur Rahman,
7
Rais Ahmad Khan ,
8
Altaf Khan,
9
Afzal Hussain,
10
Ibrahim M. Alhazza,
2
Shazia Aman,
11
Saba Noor,
12
Hossam Ebaid,
2
Jameel Al-Tamimi,
2
Javed Masood Khan,
1
Abdul Rehman M. Al-Ghadeer,
7
Md Khurshid Alam Khan,
7
and Iqbal Ahmad
5
1
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
3
Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
4
College of Science & General Studies, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
6
Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
7
School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, Chennai 600048, India
8
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
9
Central Laboratory Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
10
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
11
Department of Biochemistry, J. N. Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
12
Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, J. N. Medical College and Hospital,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Correspondence should be addressed to Nasser A. Al-Shabib; nalshabib@ksu.edu.sa
and Fohad Mabood Husain; fussain@ksu.edu.sa
Received 20 July 2017; Revised 15 November 2017; Accepted 5 December 2017; Published 7 February 2018
Academic Editor: Piersandro Pallavicini
Copyright © 2018 Nasser A. Al-Shabib et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Bioflms are complex aggregation of cells that are embedded in EPS matrix. Tese microcolonies are highly resistant to drugs and are
associated with various diseases. Bioflms have greatly afected the food safety by causing severe losses due to food contamination
and spoilage. Terefore, novel antibioflm agents are needed. Tis study investigates the antibioflm and protein binding activity
of zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) synthesized from leaf extract of Ochradenus baccatus. Standard physical techniques, including UV-
visible spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray difraction and transmission electron microscopy, were
used to characterize the synthesized OB-ZnNPs. Synthesized OB-ZnNPs demonstrated signifcant bioflm inhibition in human
and food-borne pathogens (Chromobacterium violaceum, Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens,
and Listeria monocytogenes) at subinhibitory concentrations. OB-ZnNPs signifcantly reduced the virulence factors like violacein,
prodigiosin, and alginate and impaired swarming migration and EPS production. OB-ZnNPs demonstrated efcient binding with
HSA protein and no change in their structure or stability was observed. In addition, in vivo toxicity evaluation confrmed that OB-
ZnNPs possessed no serious toxic efect even at higher doses. Moreover, they were found to have excellent antioxidant properties
that can be employed in the felds of food safety and medicine. Hence, it is envisaged that the OB-ZnNPs can be used as potential
nanomaterials to combat drug resistant bacterial infections and prevent contamination/spoilage of food.
Hindawi
Journal of Nanomaterials
Volume 2018, Article ID 8612158, 14 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8612158