NOTE Aerosolized medications
227 Am J Health-Syst Pharm—Vol 67 Feb 1, 2010
NOTE
Mixing and compatibility guide for commonly used
aerosolized medications
DAVID K. BURCHETT, WILLIAM DARKO, JAMES ZAHRA, JOHN NOVIASKY,
LUKE PROBST, AND ADRIENNE SMITH
DAVID K. BURCHETT, PHARM.D., was Pharm.D. Candidate, Albany
College of Pharmacy, Albany, NY, at the time of writing. WILLIAM
DARKO, PHARM.D., is Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department of
Medicine, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, and Adjunct Associate
Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmaceutical Care
Services; JAMES ZAHRA, B.S.PHARM., is Adjunct Assistant Professor of
Pharmacy Practice, Senior Pharmacist, and Intravenous Laboratory
Coordinator, Department of Pharmaceutical Care Services; JOHN
NOVIASKY, PHARM.D., is Assistant Professor of Medicine, Depart-
ment of Medicine, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, and Associate
Director, Clinical Services and Research, Department of Pharma-
ceutical Care Services; LUKE PROBST, PHARM.D., BCPS, is Assistant
Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Clinical
Pharmacology, and Associate Director, Pediatric Clinical Services,
Department of Pharmaceutical Care Services; and ADRIENNE SMITH,
PHARM.D., BCOP, was Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department
of Medicine, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Care Services, SUNY Upstate Medical University
Hospital, Syracuse, at the time of writing.
Address correspondence to Dr. Darko at SUNY Upstate Medi-
cal University Hospital, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210
(darkow@upstate.edu).
The authors have declared no potential conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2010, American Society of Health-System Pharma-
cists, Inc. All rights reserved. 1079-2082/10/0201-0227$06.00.
DOI 10.2146/ajhp080261
Purpose. A mixing and compatibility guide
for commonly used aerosolized medica-
tions was developed.
Summary. Compatibility guides for inject-
able drugs are available as a reference for
pharmacists, nurses, and medical person-
nel. These charts are commonly used in
hospitals and other health care institutions
and provide a quick, easy reference for
compatibility of frequently used intrave-
nous medications. Respiratory therapists
are frequently directed to administer
various aerosolized medications and are
often faced with the challenge of uncertain
compatibility of these drugs when mixed
together. However, there appear to be
limited data regarding the compatibility of
these aerosolized admixtures. After a care-
ful review of the literature, a compatibility
chart was developed that should provide
significant value to pharmacists, nurses,
and respiratory therapists who administer
aerosolized medications. The authors of a
recently published evaluation of the com-
patibility of common inhalation solutions
summarized their findings in a concise
table. This table served as a template to
develop a more comprehensive mixing
and compatibility guide in the form of an
easy-to-use reference chart, which includes
additional agents, compatibility references
on the chart, and compatibility information
for pharmacists, nurses, physicians, and
respiratory therapists.
Conclusion. A compatibility guide for
aerosolized medications was developed
for use by staff who administer these
agents.
Index terms: Aerosols; Compounding;
Guidelines; Incompatibilities; Stability
Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2010; 67:227-30
C
ompatibility references of i.v.
medications provide easily ac-
cessible information to guide
the safe administration of parenteral
therapy.
1,2
On the other hand, com-
patibility information for inhaled
aerosolized medications is limited.
3,4
A compatibility chart can po-
tentially save time by answering
the most common questions about
admixtures. A chart can provide a
quick and easy reference for medical
personnel about compatibility of fre-
quently used i.v. medications, includ-
ing chemotherapy agents, antibiotics,
vasopressors, and other drugs.
Locating this information can be
very challenging, as it often can be
found only in the primary literature.
Trials are heterogeneous, and results
can be confusing, even contradic-
tory.
3
A careful review of which inha-
lation admixtures were tested and the
methods used for testing is critical
when reading these published trials.
Trissel’s Stability of Compounded
Formulations
5
and Trissel’s 2 Clini-
cal Pharmaceutics Database
6
provide
comprehensive data on several aero-
solized drugs, including compat-
ibility and stability data for various
admixtures. These references are
relatively unfamiliar to nurses, re-
spiratory therapists, and physicians.
There is no aerosolized admixture
counterpart to the parenteral i.v. ad-
mixture chart.