International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 5164 AN ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING OF FIRE SAFETY INFRASTRUCTURES IN SOUTH ZONE OF SURAT CITY Vivek Gamit 1 , Himanshu J. Padhya 2 , Palak S. Shah 3 , Zarana H. Gandhi 4 1 Student of Town and Country Planning, SCET, Surat 2 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SCET, Surat 3 Ad-hoc Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SCET, Surat 4 Ad-hoc Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SCET, Surat ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - As the urbanization increase, the need for fire safety infrastructure is also increased. In India, many old cities were unplanned and that leads to the major problem in that city. Improper location of fire station causes major damage to the people life as well as their property, not only the location factor but also the width of road and traffic condition also matters. National Crime Records Bureau data shows that the major outbreak of fire is seen in the residential and commercial area. This study will focus on the analysis of the existing fire station available in the South Zone of Surat City. Comparing existing fire station with guideline, norms and standard so that we can identify the gap among fire station. Using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool, the fire risk assessment map can be generated as per the available data and different parameters. This map will help to identify the fire risk zone. After analysis of the fire risk map, we can provide a relevant planning proposal of fire safety infrastructure. The provision of a fire station at a relevant location can reduce the response time and hence we can save the lives of people. Key Words: Fire Safety Assessment, GIS, Fire Station Planning, Infrastructure Planning, Fire Hydrant, Surat City 1. INTRODUCTION Fire Safety infrastructure is one of major infrastructure among the social infrastructure. As an Indian scenario most of the old cities were not well planned. This is because of the old cities were evolved cities not planned cities. The evolved cities were developed due to their own potential of economic activities. Evolved cities face many urban problems due to the lack of social and physical infrastructure. The social infrastructure plays major role in the city. It is one of the basic needs of the city. Fire safety infrastructure is one of the important for the safety of the city. It is considered as an emergency service. This paper will focus on the improvement of fire safety infrastructure after analyzing exiting condition of the fire safety infrastructure in South zone of Surat City. By the help of GIS tool; the location of existing fire station is determined. Using buffer analysis, the service area of the existing fire station is determined. The buffer analysis map is generated using GIS tool. In this study, the URDPFI guideline reference is used to identify the gap among the fire station. By comparing the existing fire station with the guideline, we get the gap of fire station. After performing gap identification, we can provide planning proposal of fire station at suitable location. The main aim of this study is to provide the fire safety infrastructure in South zone of Surat City. The location of all the existing fire stations in study area will be located using GIS tool. After that, the coverage area of that fire station is analyzed using the buffer analysis tool in GIS software. An uncovered area in buffer analysis shows the demand of fire safety infrastructure. The next step after the buffer analysis is to provide the suitable location of fire station as per the URDPFI guideline. 1.1 Evolution of fire services in India The development of fire services in India was influenced by India’s political and historical association with Britain. Regular fire services in India first came up in Bombay (Mumbai) & Calcutta (Kolkata). In 1855, the Bombay fire brigade was officially formed and formally placed under the police as a part-time function. In 1864, it was placed jointly with the government and Municipal Corporation. Fire services in India come under the 12th schedule of the Constitution under the provisions of Article 243W of the Constitution. The performance and functions of fire station is in 12th schedule comes under the domain of municipalities. Fire prevention and firefighting services are organized by the concerned states, Union Territories (UTs) and ULBs. In 1956, The Government of India formed a Standing Fire Advisory Committee (SFAC) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). 1.2 Fire Incidents in India The fire can be accrued ether by the man mad or natural. In both the cases, it can be deadly damaging people life as well as their properties. The below table shows the number of fire incidences in different building to the respective year in India. This data were collected from the official website of National Crime Record Bureau. In this study, the URDPFI guideline reference is used to identify the gap among the fire station. By comparing the existing fire station with the guideline, we get the gap of fire