1 Have we been here before? Climate change, and the contrasting fates of human settlements in the Atlantic islands Andrew J. Dugmore Institute of Geography, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK Christian Keller Center of Viking and Medieval Studies, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1916 Blindern, NO 0316 Oslo, Norway Thomas H. McGovern Bioarchaeological laboratory, Department of Anthropology, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY10021, USA. Human Security and Climate Change An International Workshop Holmen Fjord Hotel, Asker, near Oslo, 21–23 June 2005 Organizers: Centre for the Study of Civil War, International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) & Centre for International Environmental and Climate Research at the University of Oslo (CICERO) for the Global Environmental Change and Human Security Program (GECHS)