Maternal Misconceptions of Weight Status among
Nepean Adolescents
Vanessa A. Shrewsbury, PhD; Sarah P. Garnett, PhD; Karen Campbell, PhD; Alison Carver, PhD; Siranda Torvaldsen, PhD; Katharine S.
Steinbeck, PhD, FRACP; Chris T. Cowell, MB, FRACP; Louise A. Baur, PhD, FRACP
A
DOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY IS A MAJOR
public health concern due to its high prevalence
1,2
and substantial health impacts.
3
Early recognition
and management of overweight is fundamental to
arresting further weight gain. However, intervention is un-
likely to occur if parents dismiss their child’s adiposity or con-
sider it a transitory stage. Systematic reviews of studies on the
accuracy of parental perceptions of their child’s weight indi-
cate that the majority of parents fail to recognize over-
weight.
4,5
The findings are consistent for both adolescent and
pre-adolescent children, although most of the reviewed stud-
ies focused on pre-adolescents.
4,5
Other studies
6-8
have
grouped adolescents with younger children, making it impos-
sible to specifically examine parental perceptions according
to age. Parental concern about their adolescent’s weight sta-
tus also influences adolescent’s weight-related behaviors
9,10
and therefore is important to consider in adolescent over-
weight prevention/management.
Previous studies of parental concern
9,10
and percep-
tions
11-13
about their adolescent’s weight have been cross-
sectional. Some of these studies also examined various pre-
dictors of maternal misclassification of adolescent weight
status, including maternal education, maternal weight status,
and adolescent weight-management practices.
11-13
Adoles-
cence is a dynamic developmental stage characterized by
rapid physical growth and puberty. Such changes may alter
parental beliefs about their adolescent’s weight. The novel
aspect of this study is the analysis of longitudinal data to ex-
amine the changes in parental perceptions and concerns
about their child’s weight status through adolescence. This is
the first study to investigate adolescents’ weight in mid-child-
hood and timing of puberty as predictors of parental misclas-
sification of adolescent overweight. The findings will inform
strategies to improve parental awareness about adolescent
overweight.
This study aimed to examine the changes between early
and mid-adolescence in: (a) the accuracy of parental percep-
tion regarding their adolescent’s weight status, (b) the degree
of parental concern about their adolescent’s weight status,
and (c) the predictors of parental misclassification of adoles-
cent overweight as average weight. We hypothesize that (a)
parents will be unable to recognize adolescent overweight,
ABSTRACT
Adolescence is characterized by rapid physical growth and sexual maturation. These
changes may alter parents’ beliefs about their adolescent’s weight status. This study
aimed to examine the changes between early and mid-adolescence in: (a) the accuracy
of maternal perception regarding her adolescent’s weight status, (b) the degree of ma-
ternal concern about her adolescent’s weight status, and (c) the predictors of maternal
misclassification of adolescent overweight as average weight. A secondary analysis of
the longitudinal Nepean Study data was conducted. Participants were Australian, free-
living 13-year-olds in 2002-2003 (n=347) followed up at age 15 years (n=279) and their
mothers. Participants’ body mass index (BMI) status (overweight, normal, or under-
weight) was calculated from measured height and weight. Maternal perceptions and
concerns about adolescent’s weight status were determined by items adapted from the
Child Feeding Questionnaire. Sex-adjusted binary logistic regression models assessed
potential predictors of maternal misclassification of adolescent overweight. Data were
available on 224 adolescent-mother dyads. Approximately one fourth of mothers mis-
classified their adolescent’s weight status, but this varied across groups (age 13 years
[%]; age 15 years [%], respectively) underweight (75%; 70%), overweight (54%; 59%), and
normal weight (12%; 9%). The endpoint data show that between 13 and 15 years of age,
maternal concern regarding their adolescent’s weight decreased in all weight-status
groups. Predictors of maternal misclassification of adolescent overweight were adoles-
cent BMI z score, recent weight-management practices, weight history, sex, and mater-
nal concern regarding her adolescent’s weight. These results reinforce the need for
strategies in primary care that are implemented throughout adolescence to improve
maternal awareness of childhood overweight.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112:2007-2013.
ARTICLE INFORMATION
Article history:
Accepted 17 August 2012
Keywords:
Adolescent
Obesity
Maternal perceptions
Longitudinal study
Copyright © 2012 by the Academy of Nutrition
and Dietetics.
2212-2672/$36.00
doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.08.024
RESEARCH
Research and Professional Briefs
© 2012 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS 2007