Fabrication of SAW Device By Using Zno Thin
Film as a Sensing Area
S.L.Lai, M.R. Zakaria
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),
Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
leng_lai90@gmail.com, rosydizakaria@yahoo.com
U. Hashim, K.L Foo, R. Haarindra Prasad
Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),
Kangar, Perlis Malaysia
uda@unimap.edu.my
Abstract— The limitation of human five main senses to
detect the Nano-scale organism has introduced the idea for
researcher in development several kinds of devices or sensors.
The Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices which wisely use in
telecommunication field at the early time had been integrated
into biosensor which able to detect the microorganism in
aqueous state. Typically, a SAW sensor will have three
elements which are transducers, sensing area and electronic
signal processor. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin film use as
piezoelectric substrate while metallic material as Inter Digital
Transduces (IDTs). The new device structure which replaces
the sensing area by using ZnO metal oxide layer is conducted
in this study. Hence, the purpose is to investigate the behavior
of various sizes of ZnO metal oxide layer as sensing area for
the SAW device. Conventional lithography and Therefore,
ZnO thin film layer by Sol-gel method is applicable use as
SAW device. ZnO Sol-gel coating method were used to
fabricate the SAW device. The SAW device with ZnO metal
oxide layer shows the attractive result. The electrical
characteristic and frequency response were used to assess the
behaviour of the SAW device. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used to evaluate the ZnO
structures.
Keywords— ZnO Sol-gel ZnO thin film , SAW Biosensor device
I. INTRODUCTION
Since the end of the 18th century, ZnO material has
become attracted within the research community [1]. The
large band gap of 3.30 eV allows ZnO material endorses
some specific behavior in term of their physical and
chemical properties[3]. The outstanding properties of the
ZnO lead to the development for several applications such
as piezoelectric devices, SAW devices, chemical sensor as
well as biosensor [2,3]. ZnO used as sensing material on the
sensor which can achieve excellent sensitivity, even though
there is a small sample for detection [3,4]. SAW-base
biosensors have higher mass sensitivities and allow a higher
frequency range from several 100MHz to a few GHz [5].
SAW device is sensitive to small change of mass loading.
The change of mass loading effect the surface conductivity
of SAW device thus it modified the waveform and result as
output. A typical SAW sensor consists of a pair of IDTs and
a sensing area between the IDTs. An IDT use to generate
surface acoustic wave as the input another IDT use to
transduce the mechanical wave into electric signals. The
wave travels along the sensing area which initially coated
with some material for selective detection. Any reaction
takes place at the sensing area will result the modification of
the traveling wave due to the change of propagation
velocity[6].
There are several types of method to deposit ZnO thin films
on the SAW device as piezoelectric substrate likes
sputtering, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Metal
Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD), laser
ablation, Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE), Sol-gel and
Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc (FCVA) [7]. Recently,
deposition by ZnO powder has been studied through
ultrasonic spray pyrolysis [8], microwave-assisted
synthesis[9] and sol-gel direct precipitation [10]. Among the
deposition methods, sol-gel method is commonly used in the
study purpose due to its relative low cost as compared to
other methods [4].
The aim of this research is to fabricate a ZnO based SAW
sensor with ZnO thin film as sensing area. The surface
morphology of ZnO film was detected by using AFM while
XRD was used to determine the crystalline structure
orientation of ZnO thin film.
II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
A. Mask Preparation
For mask design, AutoCAD software was used to design
the mask for the conventional fabrication process. Two
masks design is needed in order to fabrication difference
material layer on the substrate. The first mask is for IDT
mainly to deposit the aluminum IDT electrodes and the
second mask is for sensing area development which uses to
allocate the ZnO thin film on the sensor. The IDT
parameters are shown in Table 1. The mask design is
illustrated in Fig. 1.
TABLE I. MASK DESIGN PARAMETERS
Criteria Parameters
Finger width (um) 300
Finger length (um) 4500
Number of IDT finger 10
Aperture (um) 4200
Size of bond pad (um) 2000 x 2000
Size of sensing area (um) 4800 x 3000
IEEE-ICSE2014 Proc. 2014, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
380 978-1-4799-5760-6/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE