|| Print ISSN: 2589-7837 || Online ISSN: 2581-3935 || International Journal of Medical Science and Diagnosis Research (IJMSDR) Available Online at www.ijmsdr.com NLM (National Library of Medicine ID: 101738824) Case study Volume 5, Issue 8; August:2021; Page No. 01-06 1 | Page Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) Ashraf ALakkadˡ, Mohamed Gamea 2 , Hesham Hussien 3 , Mahmoud Sami 4 , Salah Eldin Khalil 5 , Adel Ahmed 6 and Noorullah Mohammed 7 1 Internal Medicine Unit, Madinat Zayed Hospital, United Arab Emirates. 2 Neurology Unit MZH, United Arab Emirates. 3 Critical care Unit, MZH, United Arab Emirates. 4 Critical care Unit, MZH, United Arab Emirates. 5 Nephrology Unit, MZH, United Arab Emirates. 6 Nephrology Unit, MZH, United Arab Emirates. 7 Cardiology Unit, MZH, United Arab Emirates Conflicts of Interest: Nil Corresponding author: Dr. Ashraf ALakkad DOI: https://doi.org/10.32553/ijmsdr.v5i8.833 Abstract: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a medical emergency with varied clinical manifestations. TTP is a rare condition, but one that carries a high mortality. High index of suspicion with careful evaluation of thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia is of paramount importance. Symptoms result from microthrombi affecting microcirculation and can be varied depending on the organs involved. Laboratory parameters of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia i.e. schitocytosis and increased LDH and indirect hyperbilirubinemia support the diagnosis. Plasma exchange is the treatment of choice. Other modalities that may provide therapeutic benefit in cases of relapsing TTP or in patients with slow or partial response to plasma exchange include vincristine and rituximab. Splenectomy done in remission may decrease recurrence in patients with relapsing TTP. 1. Introduction: Thrombocytopenic purpura is an uncommon blood disease. It is the condition in which clots are formed in the blood. These clots block the flow of blood into the body. It damages multiple organs in the body such as the heart, kidney and brain due to the Lack of enough oxygen supplies and results in serious problems. Thrombocytopenic purpura use platelets within the blood. The blood clots are formed by the fragments of cells are stick together with the platelets and seal the blood vessels by stopping blood flow. They also break down blood vessels and the number of platelets decreases from the natural level. Symptoms of the TTP include fever, skin patches, anemia, renal dysfunctions, large bruises, breathlessness, misperceptions and headache. (Stanley & Michalski., 2020) Literature Review: 2.1 History It was first identified in 1924 and was labelled as a fatal disease back then too but the cause of it was unknown. It was 1997 when it was discovered that this disease happened due to the deficiency of the ADAMTS13 enzyme. 2.2 Epidemiology