Complete Genomic Sequence of Dengue
virus 1, Isolated from Plasma Collected
from a Haitian Child in 2014
Maha Elbadry,
a,b
Sarah White,
a,b
Julia Loeb,
a,b
Massimiliano Tagliamonte,
b,c
Marco Salemi,
b,d
J. Valery Madsen Beau De Rochars,
b,e
Bernard Okech,
a,b
Glenn Morris, Jr.,
b,f
John Lednicky
a,b
Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
a
; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida,
USA
b
; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida,
Gainesville, Florida, USA
c
; Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of
Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
d
; Department of Health Services Research,
Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
e
; Department of Medicine, College of
Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
f
ABSTRACT An outbreak of dengue fever followed a chikungunya fever outbreak in
Haiti in 2014. We detected Dengue virus 1 (DENV-1) in plasma samples collected be-
tween May 2014 and February 2015. A representative isolate was fully sequenced,
and phylogenetic analyses indicate that it groups within the genotype V South
American and Caribbean DENV-1 clades.
D
engue viruses are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses of the genus Flavi-
virus, family Flaviviridae. There are five closely related serotypes (1 to 5) (1) that
cause dengue fever (DF) in humans. Dengue viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes,
and infections by the viruses are often asymptomatic. In about 20% of those infected,
DF occurs, wherein patients present with high fever, severe frontal headache, arthralgia,
and a widespread rash. In a few cases, DF progresses to a severe condition termed
dengue hemorrhagic fever, which can result in a life-threatening condition called
dengue shock syndrome (2). Despite being listed by the World Health Organization as
a neglected tropical disease, DF is currently endemic in more than 100 countries, with
an estimated 390 million infections annually (3). Economic losses in the Americas due
to DF can reach USD2.1 billion per year (4). Despite its long presence, little is known
about the etiology, epidemiology, or history of DF in Haiti.
We are studying arbovirus infections in Haiti and detected dengue virus infections
in children during and following a chikungunya fever (CF) outbreak in 2014. The patient
population consisted of children from a school clinic in Gressier, Ouest Department,
Haiti, who presented with undifferentiated fevers. It had initially been assumed by
clinicians that another CF outbreak had started. Instead, Dengue virus 1 (DENV-1) viral
genomic RNA (vRNA) was detected by RT-PCR (5) in a few of the plasma samples
collected from the children between May 2014 and February 2015. Other viruses, such
as Zika virus (ZIKV), were also detected (6). As our experience has been that RT-PCR tests
may yield false-negative results due to many factors, the plasma samples were also
inoculated onto a variety of cell lines, resulting in significant detection of more true
positives. The complete genome sequence of one of the isolates from MRC-5 cells was
obtained using Sanger sequencing and a genome-walking approach similar to what we
have used for ZIKV (6). Briefly, cDNA was generated using reverse primers and Accu-
script High Fidelity reverse transcriptase (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA),
and PCR using Phusion polymerase (New England Biolabs) and specific primers to
produce overlapping amplicons. The 5= and 3= ends of the viral genome were amplified
Received 29 March 2017 Accepted 30 March
2017 Published 1 June 2017
Citation Elbadry M, White S, Loeb J,
Tagliamonte M, Salemi M, Beau De Rochars
JVM, Okech B, Morris G, Jr, Lednicky J. 2017.
Complete genomic sequence of Dengue virus 1,
isolated from plasma collected from a Haitian
child in 2014. Genome Announc 5:e00331-17.
https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00331-17.
Copyright © 2017 Elbadry et al. This is an
open-access article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International license.
Address correspondence to John Lednicky,
jlednicky@phhp.ufl.edu.
VIRUSES
crossm
Volume 5 Issue 22 e00331-17 genomea.asm.org 1