IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 11, Issue 1 Ver. V (Feb. 2014), PP 90-93 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org 90 | Page Formation of Glycerol as Byproduct and its Application During Biodiesel Production From Pongamia Pinnata Bibhuti B. Samantaray 1 ,Rajnikant Choudhary 1 ,Amit Kumar 1 ,Wasim Akhtar 1 , Manish Kumar 1 , Susil K. Garanaik 1 1 (Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Techno School, BPUT, Bhubaneswar-19) Abstract: Pongamia Pinnata is the scientific name of Karanja. It is a medium sized tree that is plentily found alloverOdisha. There are a lot of research is going on regarding production of Biodiesel from Karanja oil but the main objective of the paper is the production and implementation of Glycerol from Karanja oil. Alcohol glycerol, a clear, colorless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid belonging to the family of organic compounds; molecular formula HOCH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH. In this experiment we have produced Biodiesel as well as Glycerol as a byproduct but we have focused mainly on the formation of the Glycerol and its application. So in a different view point,if the production of value added glycerol can be increased within the same cost of biodiesel production, overall cost of biodiesel can be reduced to an optimum level. The effective utilization of crude glycerol will contribute to the viability of biodiesel. In this experiment, we have taken non edible Karanja oil for preparation of Glycerol by transesterification of crude oil with methanol in presence of NaOH/KOH as catalyst and yielded of approximately 11% (w/w) glycerol. Keywords: Biodiesel,Catalyst, Glycerol,Pongamia Pinnata,Transesterification I. Introduction A lot of researches are going on, on the production of alternative fuel from renewable sources of energy, they got success also in preparing biodiesel as alternative fuel from renewable resources like vegetable oil and some non-edible oil from plants such as Jatropha, Karanja, Neem, Mahua, Simarouba etc. Earlier, more emphasis was given on the production of biodiesel not on its by-product like glycerol.But at present time, production of biodiesel has been industrialized and that also resulted large scale of by-product formation like Glycerol. So emphasis should be given on proper utilization of by-product from value added application and profitable biodiesel production. InIndia the emphasis is on the non-edible oilplants like Jatropha, Karanja, Neem, Mahua, Simarouba etc for the production of biodiesel as well as glycerol as major by-product. In India the Karanja tree is found all-over the country, especially in eastern India and Western Ghats [1]. The botanical name of Karanja is Pongamia glabra of Leguminaceae family. Karanja oil has been reported to contain furan flavones, furanoflavonols, chromenoflavones, flavones and furanodiketones which make the oil non-edible and hence further encourages its application for biodiesel production and Glycerol as Byproduct [2].Glycerol or glycerine is a simple polyol (sugar alcohol) compound. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations because it is colourless, odourless, viscous liquid [3]. It is soluble in water and hygroscopic in nature because of its three hydroxyl groups. Crude glycerol is the principal by-product of biodiesel production, which is about 11% w/w of Karanja oil.Glycerol is sweet-tasting and of low toxicity. The rate of Biodiesel production around the world is slower than excepted and the main reason is its relatively high production cost. Utilization of the glycerol co-product is one of the promising options for lowering the production cost. In other words, every gallon of biodiesel produced generates approximately 1.05 pounds of glycerol.Fangxia Yang et al. [4] has done a review regarding Crude Glycerol production as a by-product during Biodiesel Production. In this Paper we have focused mainly on the production of the Glycerol and its application. Since purified glycerol is a high-value and commercial chemical with thousands of uses, the crude glycerol presents great opportunities for new applications. For that reason, more attention is being paid to the utilization of crude glycerol from biodiesel production in order to defray the production cost of biodiesel and to promote biodiesel industrialization on a large scale. SimilarlyXiaohu Fan and Rachel Burton [5] have done a review regarding the production of Biodiesel and Glycerol. In their study they have focused on the production of Biodiesel from the Jatropha tree. 3 CH2-O-COOH + 3CH3OH -----> 3CH2OH + 3CH3-O-COOR (TRIGLYCERIDES) (METHNOL) (GLYCEROL) (ESTER) Zaki Y. Zakariaet al. [6] has studied catalytic conversion of glycerol to olefins. In that study it has mentioned the proper utilization of Glycerol in different forms. B.L.A Prabhavathi Devi et al. [7] has found in their experiment SO3H-carbon catalyst from glycerol for the production of biodiesel