Design and Fabrication of Microfluidic Integrated Circuits using Normally-Closed Elastomeric Valves by Bobak Mosadegh A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Biomedical Engineering) In The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Shuichi Takayama, Chair Professor Kate F. Barald Professor Marc A. Burns Assistant Professor Mohamed El-Sayed