Pergamon
Tetrahedron Letters, Vol.38, No. 45, pp. 7879-7882, 1997
0 1997Publi~edby Elsevier Science Ltd
All rights r--~erved. Printedin Great Britain
PII: S0040~039(97)I0154-X oo4o~39~7 SD.oo + o.oo
Cyclopropanation Reactions Catalysed by Rhodium(I) Complexes
with New Anionic Carborane Phosphine Ligands
A. Demonceau,*? F. Sinai, and A.F. Noels
Laboratory of Macmmolecular Chemistry and Organic Catalysis, C.E.R.M.
University of Liege, Sart-Tilman (B.6a), B-4000 Liege, Belgium
C. Vifias,*~ R. Nufiez, and F. Teixidor
Institut de CiSncia de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC,
Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
Abstract : The first set of rhodium(I) complexes 1-3 has been shown to be active for the
cyclopropanation of olefins with diazoacetates. © 1997 Publishedby ElsevierScience Ltd.
Cyclopmpanation is currently an area of significant research activity.1 To date, direct tramition-metal-
catalysed carbene transfer from a diazo compound to an olefm remains the most straightforward route to
cyclopropanes (Eq. 1).2 Dirhodium(ID carboxylates and earboxamidates have been proved to be outstanding
R R CO2Et R H
+ (1)
~ + N2CHCO2Et _N2 \CO2E t
cis (endo ) trans ( exo )
catalysts for this reaction.3 Other rhodium complexes (e.g., Rh6(CO)16, 4 Rh2(BF4)4,5 and rhodium(IH)
porphyrins6) have also been introduced as cyclopmpanation catalysts but none of them has been demonstrated
to be superior to rhodium carboxylates and carboxamidates. To the best of our knowledge, attempts with
rhodium(l) complexes have never been successful. For instance, Rh2(CO)4C12 and Rh2(C2I-I4)4C12 were
inefficient for the cyelopropanation of l,l-dichloro-4-methylpenta-l,3-diene with ethyl diazoacetate at 83°C, 4
while the former catalysed the cyclopropanation of n-butyl vinyl ether with ethyl diazoacetate in 58% yield at
room temperature.7 In the same vein, RhCI(PPh3)3 cyclopropanated styrene in only 12% yield.8
We have recently reported on the use of novel ruthenium complexes with anionic phosphine figands as
efficient catalysts for olefin cyclopropanation with ethyl diazoacetate.9 In continuation of these studies, we
envisaged rhodium(l) analogues as potential candidates for the desired cyelopropanation, on the basis of the
exceptional activity of related complexes in hydrogenation reactions.lO We now wish to report the first set of
rhodium(I) catalysts (1-3)1 ! whose effectiveness for olefin cyclopropanation is noteworthy. Preliminary results
are summarised in Table 1.
t Fax :++32-4-366 34 97. E-mail : A.Dcmonccau@ulg.ac.bc ~ Fax : ++34-3-580 57 29. E-mail :clara@icmvax.icmab.es
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