Friction and Wear of Polymer and Polymer Composites Ahmed Abdelbary Abstract Friction and wear of polymers and their composites introduce further difficulty that polymers are simply affected by working conditions and sliding media. The disagreement between friction in polymers and metallic friction is resulting from the alterations in the elastic and plastic behavior of metallic materials and the viscoelastic performance of polymeric materials. It is expected that, compared to metals, polymers are easily to meet elastic distortion when in contact. The wear mechanisms are described through extensive categories: abrasive, adhesive, surface fatigue, and others. The influences controlling friction and wear of polymers are broadly argued. There are various mechanisms governing the tribological behavior of the polymer moving on metal tribosystems including transfer film, wear regimes, and pv-limit. The basics of polymeric composites and how numerous compositions and structures can affect their tribological behavior are explained. Keywords Friction · Wear · Polymer · Polymer composites 1 Introduction Polymer and polymer composites are being used progressively in numerous tribolog- ical applications. This is essentially resulting from the fact that they have significantly low resistance for friction and wear. For many reasons, tribology of polymeric mate- rials and their composites is dissimilar from tribology of metallic materials. Polymer materials are viscoelastic and consequently, their properties are time dependent. Lubrication by external fluid, which typically applied in other types of materials, are simply absorbed by polymers. However, it is an attractive area since polymers can be altered by numerous physical and chemical processes to suit specific requests. Therefore, they developed excellent applicants and very hopeful materials for engi- neering with a capability to adjust their tribological behaviour. This results in several tribosystems containing polymers, metals (or non-metals) in either sliding or rolling interactions. A. Abdelbary (B ) Egyptian Government, Alexandria, Egypt © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 H. Jena et al. (eds.), Tribology of Polymer and Polymer Composites for Industry 4.0, Composites Science and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3903-6_3 33