April 2020 · Volume 9 · Issue 4 Page 1528
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Behuria S et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Apr;9(4):1528-1531
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Study of maternal mortality in a tertiary care hospital in a tribal KBK
area of Odisha, India
Sasmita Behuria, Jyoti Narayan Puhan*, Subhra Ghosh, Bhabani Sankar Nayak
INTRODUCTION
Maternal mortality is defined as the death of any woman
while being pregnant or within 42 completed days of
termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration or
site of pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated
by pregnancy, but not from accidental or incidental
causes.
1
Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is defined
internationally as the maternal mortality rate per 1 lakh
live births. Maternal mortality remains one of the most
daunting public health problems in India. Even today
20% global maternal deaths occur in India.
2
MMR for
India was 301 per 100,000 live births by Sample
Registration Survey (SRS) 2003 estimate and came down
to 167 by SRS survey 2013 estimate.
3
Maternal mortality is ascribed usually to complications
that generally occur during or around labor and cannot be
accurately predicted. The direct causes of maternal
mortality, that is, hemorrhage, unsafe abortion,
eclampsia, obstructed labor, infection, and others account
for about three-fourths of maternal deaths. The remaining
ABSTRACT
Background: Pregnancy, although being considered a physiological state, carries risk of serious maternal morbidity
and at times death. This is due to various complications that may occur during pregnancy, labor, or thereafter. The
major causes of maternal mortality are mostly preventable through regular antenatal check-up, proper diagnosis, and
management of labor complications. Therefore, the factors at different levels affecting the use of these services need
to be clearly understood. The aim is to study the incidence of MMR, assess the epidemiological aspects, causes of
maternal mortality and avoidable factors that can prevent maternal deaths.
Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department, SLN MCH, a
tertiary care referral hospital in a tribal area of southern Odisha over a period of 2 years from April 2017 to March
2019.
Results: A total of 108 deaths were analyzed over 2 years period and MMR was calculated to be 1124/1 lakh live
births. Most of the maternal deaths occurred in the age group of 20-24 years (35.1%), majority of maternal deaths
were observed in multipara (46.3%), 70.3% deaths occurred within 24 hours of admission. Hypertensive disorders in
pregnancy (37%) were the leading direct cause followed by hemorrhage (14.8%) and sepsis (11.1%). Among the
indirect causes jaundice (7.4%) and anaemia (3.7%) were the leading cause.
Conclusions: MMR in our study was very high as compared to national average of 167/1,00,000 live births, being a
tertiary care hospital as most of the patients were referred from peripheral centers. Most maternal deaths are
preventable by intensive health education, basic obstetric care for all, strengthening referral and communication
system and emphasizing on overall safe motherhood.
Keywords: Anaemia, Hypertensive disorder, Maternal mortality ratio
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saheed Laxman Nayak Medical College, Koraput, Odisha, India
Received: 21 November 2019
Accepted: 30 December 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Jyoti Narayan Puhan,
E-mail: jyoti.scb87@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20201217