* Corresponding Author : Robby Kumar Department of Biochemistry, SSR Medical College, Mauritius Email: kumarrobby@gmail.com Antioxidant and lipid peroxidation level in type2 diabetes mellitus a b Robby Kumar ,Sakil Ahmed A R T I C L E I N F O ABSTRACT Keywords: Antioxidants Diabetes mellitus Oxidative stress Lipid Peroxidation Original article 1. Introduction Oxidative stress plays a major role in pathology of diabetes mellitus. Free radicals generated from hyperglycemia, advanced glycated end products and glucose oxidation further increases the complication of disease. In present study diabetic subjects were distributed into two groups. Group1 consist of diabetics without any complications. Group2 consists of diabetics with complications. Erythrocyte GSH, SOD and TBARS were estimated and compared with healthy control subjects. A significant decrease of erythrocyte GSH was found in group1 when compared with control. Increase in SOD was seen in both groups. TBARS level was decreased in group1 but increases in group2 when compared with control. Thus, it can be concluded that Antioxidant level increases in diabetes as disease progresses due to compensatory mechanism.Abbreviations: GSH-Glutathione; SOD-Superoxide Dismutase; TBARS- ThioBarbaturic Acid Reacting Substances; TC-Total Cholesterol; TG-Triglycerides; HDL-High Density Lipoprotein; LDL-Low Density Lipoprotein. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, characterized by hyperglycemia, due to relative or absolute insulin deficiency. Diabetes is usually accompanied by increased free radical production[1] or impaired antioxidant defences[2]. Increased free radicals causes damage to cellular proteins, membrane lipids and nucleic acid and finally cell death. Free radicals are generated due to- glucose oxidation which produces superoxide anion radicals[3], hyperglycemia which promotes lipid peroxidation[4], Advanced Glycated End (AGE) products[5] and finally by sorbitol pathway which leads to NADPH and Glutathione depletion[6]. In diabetes mellitus hyperglycemia not only increases free radicals formation but also impairs Antioxidant defense mechanism[7]. Common antioxidants include Vitamin A, C, E, Glutathione, Enzymes Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase etc. Increased oxidative stress plays a major role in development of diabetic complications [2,8]. Lipid peroxidation and Antioxidant enzymes in blood have been seen as marker for vascular injury in Diabetes mellitus[8,9]. The aim of this study was to find changes in Antioxidant and Lipid Peroxidation level in type2 Diabetes mellitus (with or without complications) and healthy individuals. Subjects selected between age 40-60 years; subjects were mainly volunteers and were recruited with mutual consent. They were divided into three groups namely- Group I: 25 Normal healthy control subjects with no present or past history of diabetes mellitus; Group II: 15 Diabetics with no Complications subjects who were freshly diagnosed from type2 diabetes mellitus was selected. Subjects taking medication or has a long past history of diabetes were ruled out; Group III: 22 Diabetics with complications, most of them were obese, 12 were having hypertension with nephropathy, and 10 were having retinopathy. Fasting Blood Samples were taken. The Blood was drawn from the forearm is mixed with 0.1 M Sodium Citrate (0.5 ml/ 4.0 ml of blood) and Sodium fluoride:Potassium oxalate 1:3 (w/w). The sample collected was analyzed immediately. The samples were centrifuged at 3000g for 10 min and plasma was taken for the estimation of Blood Glucose and Lipid profile. Serum parameters were done by kit method in semi- automatic analyzer. The Red Blood Cells left were washed in cold saline and diluted hemolysates were prepared10 for estimation of GSH, SOD, and TBARS. Erythrocyte GSH was estimated by method of Beutler E et.al[11]. Erythrocyte SOD was estimated by method of Beauchamp and Fridovic12. Along with this erythrocytic lipid peroxidation products were measured by assaying TBARS[13]. 2.Methods And Materials a Department of Biochemistry, SSR Medical College, Mauritius b Sagora College, Biharsarif, India Contents lists available at SciDirect Publications Current Journal homepage: www.currentscidirect.com International Journal of Current Biological and Medical Science Int J Cur Bio Med Sci. 2011; 1(4): 147 – 148 CurrentSciDirect Publication Copyright 2011. CurrentSciDirect Publications. IJCBMS - All rights reserved. c Copyright 2011. CurrentSciDirect Publications. IJCBMS - All rights reserved. c