Assessment of the phytochemical, antioxidant and larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from Simpleleaf Chastetree [vitex trifolia] leaves obtained from Ganye Local Government, Adamawa State-Nigeria N. Musa a,c,⇑ , S. Banerjee a , G.A. Maspalma c , L.U. Usman a,b , B. Hussaini c a Department of Environmental Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India b Department of Biology, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria c Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola, Nigeria article info Article history: Received 2 November 2020 Received in revised form 8 March 2021 Accepted 11 March 2021 Available online xxxx Keywords: Antioxidant assessment Essential oil Phytochemical and larvicidal abstract Studies on the essential oils for the phytochemical, larvicidal, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of vitex trifolia fresh leaves obtained from Ganye Local Government, Adamawa state, Nigeria were carried out. Out of the compounds with different concentrations obtained from the analysis, major constituents include caryophyllene, 4-methylidene-1-propan-2-ylbicyclo [3,1,0] hexane[sabinene], 2,6,6- trimethylbicyclo [3,1,1] hept-2-ene, naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-1-[ 1–methylethyl] [1a,4ab,8aa], [1Z,4Z,8Z]-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-triene, Naphtalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-[1-methylethyl], [1S-cis]-, Naphthalene, decahydro-4 a-methyl-1-methylene-7-[1-methylethenyl], terbenthene, 2-p-menthadiene and trans sabinene hydrox- ide which contains 22.80%, 27.40%, 7.70%, 5.23%, 4.90%, 3.52%, 4.14%, 3.52%, 3.52% and 1.03% respectively. In addition to the essential oils obtained, the results also depicted the presence of phytochemicals varying from terpenoids, glycoside, flavonoids and tannins. The displayed activity profile for the scavenging ability and high larvicidal activity of the essential oil from the sample depends on its concentration. Ó 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the National Conference on Functional Materials: Emerging Technologies and Applications in Materials Science. 1. Introduction For thousands of years, individuals have utilized plants for the treatment of different illnesses [1]. As indicated by the WHO (World Health Organization), depend on herbal prescriptions for their mental and physical wellbeing owing to the fact that they cannot afford western pharmaceutical drugs coupled with the accompanied side reactions and effects. Compounds such as essen- tial oils, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids which are isolated from medicinal plants show protective and shielding effects because of their chemical properties [2]. An extended history exists for the components of plants and their respective secondary metabolites in which their uses have been made manifest in contemporary medicine and in some selected methods of traditional treatment [3]. Vitex trifolia [Simpleleaf Chastetree] has an unidentified origin but it is a fruticose tree with multiple varieties which has been illustrated in several nations. This plant according to reports, have an efficacy of being an anal- gesic, scorpion sting antidote, anti-tumour, anti-dysentery, antacid and anti-inflammatory [4]. When distilled freshly, essential oils are typically colourless or slightly yellowish and are generally, spar- ingly soluble in water and partially dissolves in ethanol. They tend to also mix very well with waxes, fats and vegetable oils [5] and [6]. The attacks by free radicals on the body are being inhibited by antioxidants, hence, the necessity of these ‘‘defence agents” in the sustenance of well-being. [7] and [8]. The problem of undesir- able side effects and high cost alongside emergence of certain drug resistant pathogens had made it necessary for the ‘‘birthing” of newer antibiotics. Furthermore, the high cost of drugs presents some various degree of problems in therapeutics. Therefore, in order to minimize the cost and maximize the profit for pharmaceu- tical industries, hence, the need to seek for alternative sources of drugs from medicinal plants (Figs. 1 and 2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.375 2214-7853/Ó 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the National Conference on Functional Materials: Emerging Technologies and Applications in Materials Science. ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: neksumi@dr.sharda.ac.in (N. Musa). Materials Today: Proceedings xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Materials Today: Proceedings journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matpr Please cite this article as: N. Musa, S. Banerjee, G.A. Maspalma et al., Assessment of the phytochemical, antioxidant and larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from Simpleleaf Chastetree [vitex trifolia] leaves obtained from Ganye Local Government, Adamawa State-Nigeria, Materials Today: Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.375